Irreversibility analysis of Darcy-Forchheimer flow of a Williamson hybrid nanofluids near a stagnation-point across a vertical plate with buoyancy force
International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow
ISSN: 0961-5539
Article publication date: 16 April 2024
Issue publication date: 14 May 2024
Abstract
Purpose
A novel type of heat transfer fluid known as hybrid nanofluids is used to improve the efficiency of heat exchangers. It is observed from literature evidence that hybrid nanofluids outperform single nanofluids in terms of thermal performance. This study aims to address the stagnation point flow induced by Williamson hybrid nanofluids across a vertical plate. This fluid is drenched under the influence of mixed convection in a Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium with heat source/sink and entropy generation.
Design/methodology/approach
By applying the proper similarity transformation, the partial differential equations that represent the leading model of the flow problem are reduced to ordinary differential equations. For the boundary value problem of the fourth-order code (bvp4c), a built-in MATLAB finite difference code is used to tackle the flow problem and carry out the dual numerical solutions.
Findings
The shear stress decreases, but the rate of heat transfer increases because of their greater influence on the permeability parameter and Weissenberg number for both solutions. The ability of hybrid nanofluids to strengthen heat transfer with the incorporation of a porous medium is demonstrated in this study.
Practical implications
The findings may be highly beneficial in raising the energy efficiency of thermal systems.
Originality/value
The originality of the research lies in the investigation of the Darcy–Forchheimer stagnation point flow of a Williamson hybrid nanofluid across a vertical plate, considering buoyancy forces, which introduces another layer of complexity to the flow problem. This aspect has not been extensively studied before. The results are verified and offer a very favorable balance with the acknowledged papers.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
This work has been funded by the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia project number “DIP-2023–005.”
Author contributions: Conceptualization: LFA and UK; methodology: LFA and UK; software: AZ, LFA and UK; validation: UK, AZ and AI; formal analysis: AI and AZ; investigation: AZ; resources: UK; data curation: AI; writing – original draft preparation: AI, LFA, UK and AZ; writing – review and editing: LFA, UK and AZ; visualization: AZ; supervision: AI; project administration: AI; funding acquisition: AI. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Data availability statement: The data sets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Conflict of interest: It is declared that the authors have no conflict of interest.
Citation
Alharbi, L.F., Khan, U., Zaib, A. and Ishak, A. (2024), "Irreversibility analysis of Darcy-Forchheimer flow of a Williamson hybrid nanofluids near a stagnation-point across a vertical plate with buoyancy force", International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, Vol. 34 No. 5, pp. 2094-2118. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-12-2023-0772
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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