Development of a tailored questionnaire instrument to evaluate thermal sensation of elderly people in India
Abstract
Purpose
India’s growing elderly population necessitates ensuring indoor thermal comfort because of their vulnerability to temperature-related illnesses and reduced capacity to regulate body temperature. Currently, thermal sensation (TS) assessment scales, designed for those between 20 and 60 years of age, may not accurately capture the preferences of elderly adults. To address the gap, this study aims to identify appropriate scaling methods to help the elderly understand the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE-55) seven-point TS scale clearly.
Design/methodology/approach
Four scaling methods – color, emoji, landscape images and regional images scales – identified from literature were analyzed using quantitative approaches. The differences between two age groups (<60 years and = 60 years) were examined using frequency distribution differences and independent sample t-test methods.
Findings
Results indicated that both younger/middle-aged (<60 years) and elderly individuals (= 60 years) were adept at identifying color and regional images scale, while emoji and landscape images scale posed challenges for the elderly. Furthermore, a tailored questionnaire instrument was developed to enhance the comprehension of TS questions for the elderly. One sample t-test results indicated that the proposed questionnaire instrument is a better fit to support ASHRAE-55 seven-point TS scale, making it particularly effective for the elderly population.
Originality/value
This research presents a novel, tailored questionnaire instrument that significantly enhances the elderly population’s comprehension of TS questions, thereby improving the accuracy of thermal comfort assessments and contributing to the creation of better indoor thermal environments for the elderly people.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
This work was funded by the Prime Minister’s Research Fellows (PMRF) scheme, Ministry of Education (MoE), Government of India. The authors would also like to extend their appreciation to all the caregivers, maintenance staff and elderly people who participated in this study.
Citation
Sudarsanam, N. and Kannamma, D. (2024), "Development of a tailored questionnaire instrument to evaluate thermal sensation of elderly people in India", Working with Older People, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/WWOP-07-2024-0039
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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