An overview of biomolecules, immobilization methods and support materials of biosensors

Abstract

Purpose

Traditional analytical methods are often time-consuming and require bulky instruments, making their widespread implementation challenging. This paper aims to represent the principal concepts of biosensors as an introduction of this technology to readers and offers a comprehensive understanding of its functions.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors provide descriptions of the components, characteristics and advantages of biosensors along with the immobilization methods, followed by a brief discussion.

Findings

A biosensor is an analytical device comprising a specific biomolecule and a transducer in conjunction with an output system. The biomolecule recognizes a specific target which leads to a change in physicochemical properties of a system. This biorecognition phenomenon is later converted into a detectable signal by the transducer. Biosensors can essentially serve as rapid and cost-effective devices with excellent sensitivity and specificity for critical purposes in innumerable fields, ranging from scientific research to day-to-day applications.

Originality/value

Here, the authors explain and discuss the approaches and challenges with the aim of leading to an interest in biosensor development and improving their applications.

Citation

Asal, M., Özen, Ö., Şahinler, M., Baysal, H.T. and Polatoğlu, İ. (2019), "An overview of biomolecules, immobilization methods and support materials of biosensors", Sensor Review, Vol. 39 No. 3, pp. 377-386. https://doi.org/10.1108/SR-04-2018-0084