Index
ISBN: 978-1-78560-797-4, eISBN: 978-1-78560-796-7
ISSN: 1057-1922
Publication date: 25 July 2016
Citation
(2016), "Index", Metropolitan Ruralities (Research in Rural Sociology and Development, Vol. 23), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 335-340. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1057-192220160000023031
Publisher
:Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2016 Emerald Group Publishing Limited
INDEX
Åboland, 40, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 59, 60, 61
Action research, 12, 167
Agriculture
after privatisation in Eastern Europe and Russia, 82
agri-food products, 285
multifunctional, 13
peri-urban agriculture, 4, 21, 22, 30, 35, 165, 166, 172, 176, 178, 183, 185
productionism in, 72, 73
Åland Islands, 44, 45, 81
Alienation, 3, 149, 151, 152, 153
AMAP, 279, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 299n4, 299n7, 299n8, 299n9
Aristocratic milieu, 293, 294, 297
Athen
Athens’ metropolitan region, 22, 27
Biodiversity, 2, 85, 181, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 279, 281, 286, 288, 310
Bioenergy, 74, 81, 82, 83, 86, 87
Brazil, 83
Brenner, Neil, 194, 210, 244, 309, 321
Budapest
Budapest agglomeration, 289, 329
Built-up areas, 24, 25, 27, 31, 162
Bulwark, 326
CAP (Common Agricultural Policy), 78, 284
Catchment areas, 327
CFR (corporate food regime), see Food
Citizens
Citizen Channel project, 193, 196, 200, 202–211
civic organisations, 279, 297
participation of, 196, 232
City
city-region, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 262
regenerative, 246, 263, 266
smart, 245, 246, 247
Cohesion, 95, 98, 103, 114, 115, 117, 118, 120, 136, 216, 236, 276, 277, 298
Collaborative governance
collaborative metropolitan governance, 194, 202, 209
Common Agricultural Policy, see CAP
Community building, 295, 296
Compact urban fabric, 24
Comparative case study analysis, 166–167
Conflictuality, 209
Consumption
vs. production, 80, 320
slow food movement, 81, 312
see also Food
Counter-urbanisation, 3, 4, 10, 11, 94, 164, 165
Countryside
evolution of, 72–74, 79
new, 80–85
post-productionist, 73, 80
see also Rural
Critical research
in rural sociology, 77
Cropland, 11, 24, 25, 27, 30, 31, 32, 33
Cultural heritage, 79, 136, 150, 152, 290, 291, 292, 294, 295, 296, 297
Cultural turn in social sciences, 81
Democracy, 8, 192, 193, 195, 196, 198, 202, 205, 218
Demography
indicators of, 45
Displacement, 136, 148
Ecological
foodprints, 2, 8, 14, 86, 221, 245, 265, 305, 326
turn, 326
Ecosystem services, 8, 74, 78, 86, 87, 88, 221, 260, 327
Energy
local energy, 262–263
renewable energy, 4, 256, 262–263, 265, 266
Entrepreneurs, 73, 141, 175, 222, 297
Equestrian culture, 292, 294
ESRS (European Society of Rural Sociology), 78
Europe
European Economic Community, 77, 89n14
European Union, 77, 78, 84, 89n14, 210, 250, 264, 306
Exurban development, 44, 94, 96
Farmers, 4, 72, 73, 76, 85, 96, 112, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 136, 165, 166, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178, 179, 181, 182, 184, 276, 282, 283, 284, 285, 287, 297, 328
Farming
peri-urban farming, 20, 21
Festivals and events, 290, 291
Finland, 13, 40–49, 51, 54–62, 75, 76, 79, 89n11, 89n14, 125, 127, 128, 130, 135, 136, 140, 153, 196, 197, 199, 208, 218, 222, 223, 224, 225, 228, 236, 328
Food
alternative, 277, 288, 308, 311, 312, 313, 319, 320, 326
conventional, 305, 308, 310, 311, 312, 313, 319, 320
corporate food regime, 14, 329
crises, see Global food crises
culture, 293, 299n7
food system, 77, 80, 276, 278, 280, 281, 304, 305, 307, 308, 311, 312, 313, 317, 319, 320
local, 81, 173, 175, 259, 280, 288, 289, 290, 297, 312
organic, 73, 165, 261, 289, 291
production of, 72, 165
slow food movement, 81, 312
UFS (urban food strategies), 4, 14, 303–321, 329
Forests, 11, 24, 27, 31, 33, 63n1, 86, 162, 164, 327
France, 247, 282, 284, 314
Galpin, C. J., 5, 70, 71, 85, 88, 88n2
Gastronomy, 290, 292
Gentrification, 12, 125–154, 296
Germany, 129, 245, 247, 248, 250, 251, 264, 328
Gieryn, T. F., 71, 88n2
Gilbert, J., 75, 77, 89n13
Global Food Crises, 73, 74, 81, 83, 84, 87
Governance
collaborative, 6–7, 8–9, 192, 194, 195, 196, 201, 202, 206, 218, 219, 235
meta-, 199
metropolitan, 191–211, 218, 265
multi-level, 10, 247, 298
Greece, 22, 30, 33, 248, 314
Green-house effect
greenhouse rationalism, 12, 86
phenomenon, 73, 74, 81, 85
Growth
compact growth, 21, 22, 24
growth machine, 4, 6, 326
Haila, A., 197, 198, 199, 205
Hajer, M., 194, 196, 198, 201
Health, 41, 224, 281, 305, 317
Heinelt, H., 192, 193, 194, 244, 252, 253
Helsinki
Helsinki Region, 44, 197, 200, 201, 205, 328
Metropolitan Area, 13, 191–211
Neighbourhoods Association Helka, 202, 205, 211
Horsification, 174
Housing
illegal housing, 31, 33
Hungary, 292, 293, 297
Hunting, 12, 96, 108, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 118, 120, 121, 138, 146, 151, 152
Identity, 61, 96, 113, 114, 118, 120, 127, 128, 132, 152, 153, 194, 309
Industrialism
post, 40
Innovation, 77, 79, 200, 221, 222, 225, 226, 229, 235, 254, 275, 276, 278, 281, 284, 288, 292, 294, 295, 296, 298
Institutions
institutional divide, 215–236
institutional void, 198, 201
Intellectuals
local intellectuals, 291
Interpretive policy analysis, 196
Knowledge use, 284
Kübler, D., 192, 193, 194, 195, 243, 244, 247
Land-Grant Universities, 75, 89n9
Land-use
land fragmentation, 31, 32
land-use classes, 22
pressure on farmland, 173, 174, 181, 184
Language minorities, 41, 62, 142
Late modernism, 3, 7, 10, 13, 42, 59, 62, 326
Le Galès, P., 194, 195, 197, 198, 199, 205
LEADER, 84
Local food, see Food
Localism
new, 14, 309
pluri, 43
Lombardia, 81
Malthus, T. R., 2
Managerialism, 219
Marxism
neo-, 77
Mediterranean
fringe, 19, 33, 35
Metropolitan
fringe, 22, 244
governance, see Governance
participation, 205, 208, 209, 210, 211
rurality, 1, 4, 5, 9, 127, 128, 130, 132, 136, 137, 151, 153, 193, 200, 204, 209, 210, 276, 277, 281, 288, 298, 327
Middle-class, 139, 148, 150, 151, 289, 291, 292
Minorities
Swedish-speaking Finns, 11, 42, 54
Mobility of population, 57
Morphological transition, 30
Movement, 14, 54, 61
Municipality
municipal cooperation, 228–229
Newby, H., 77, 88n3
Nonjon, M., 206, 207
Normative scholars, 319
Nyland, 40, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62
Octagon, 131, 133, 148
Ostrobothnia, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 49–63, 137, 138
Paris
region, 281, 287
Participation
multi-stakeholder process, 170, 171, 176
participatory envisioning process, 166, 182
tools, 203, 205
Partnership, 9, 107, 182, 195, 196, 218, 219, 220, 229, 230, 283, 314, 320
Peri-urban agriculture
Ghent, 172–176
Kortrijk, 172–176
Pinson, G., 192, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 208, 211
Planning
deregulation, 33
informality in, 21
spatial, 179, 180, 182, 185, 216, 242, 247
strategic planning and thinking, 303
Pluri-localism, see Localism
Policy, 2, 7, 82, 84, 163, 216
Post-carbon, 5, 8, 9, 14, 221, 222
Post-Fordism, 129
Power
layered power, 277
Poverty
in rural areas, 74
Productionism
post, 73, 86, 87
Professionals of participation, 207
Project
precariat, 62
project class, 81, 89n16, 277, 297
projectification, 192, 195, 277
Public choice, 192, 193, 202, 209, 244
Purnell act, 89n8
Qviström, M., 5, 163, 182
Rationalism
greenhouse, 12, 86
Real estate speculation, 35
Reform
metropolitan, 192, 193, 194, 209
Regionalism
new, 7, 194, 216, 218, 242, 244, 247
Research institutes, 74, 78, 225, 226, 229, 232, 235
Resilience, 5, 11, 242, 259, 326
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt’s Comission, 74
RUF (rural urban fringe), rural, 162, 163, 165, 166, 174, 181, 182, 185
areas close to urban areas, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 63
the birth of, 74
gentrification, 127, 133, 134, 136–137
heartland, 50, 51, 52, 53, 63, 228, 235
local centres in rural areas, 50, 51, 63
ruralities, 128, 136, 137, 150, 154, 327
sociology, 9, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 86, 87, 89n13, 94
studies, 77, 79, 81
Rural-urban
classification, 42, 50
relationship, 215–236, 280, 283, 289, 297
transformation processes, 132
Trans-rurban rurality, 86–88
Rural-urban fringe
agriculture, 163–166
pressure on farmland, 181–182
urbanisation, 185
Rurban
rurban conservatism, 328
Russia
agriculture after Soviet time, 88n7
Second home, 54, 73, 294
Sociodiversity, 85
Socioeconomic indicators, 147
Soil degradation, 20
Sorokin, P., 5, 10, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 128, 327
Southern Europe, 20, 30, 33
Sparsely populated rural areas, 50, 51, 52, 63n1, 221, 228, 235
Spatial planning, see Planning
Stuttgart, 13, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 328
Sundom
Sundomers, 138, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151, 153
Sustainability
social, 125–154, 256, 277, 310
sustainable development, 10, 35, 241–266, 281, 283, 284, 286, 291, 292, 298, 326
Swabian Gastronomy Festival, 290
Sweden, 11, 41, 44, 61, 314
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
CAP (Common Agricultural Policy), 78, 284
Catchment areas, 327
CFR (corporate food regime), see Food
Citizens
Citizen Channel project, 193, 196, 200, 202–211
civic organisations, 279, 297
participation of, 196, 232
City
city-region, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 262
regenerative, 246, 263, 266
smart, 245, 246, 247
Cohesion, 95, 98, 103, 114, 115, 117, 118, 120, 136, 216, 236, 276, 277, 298
Collaborative governance
collaborative metropolitan governance, 194, 202, 209
Common Agricultural Policy, see CAP
Community building, 295, 296
Compact urban fabric, 24
Comparative case study analysis, 166–167
Conflictuality, 209
Consumption
vs. production, 80, 320
slow food movement, 81, 312
see also Food
Counter-urbanisation, 3, 4, 10, 11, 94, 164, 165
Countryside
evolution of, 72–74, 79
new, 80–85
post-productionist, 73, 80
see also Rural
Critical research
in rural sociology, 77
Cropland, 11, 24, 25, 27, 30, 31, 32, 33
Cultural heritage, 79, 136, 150, 152, 290, 291, 292, 294, 295, 296, 297
Cultural turn in social sciences, 81
Democracy, 8, 192, 193, 195, 196, 198, 202, 205, 218
Demography
indicators of, 45
Displacement, 136, 148
Ecological
foodprints, 2, 8, 14, 86, 221, 245, 265, 305, 326
turn, 326
Ecosystem services, 8, 74, 78, 86, 87, 88, 221, 260, 327
Energy
local energy, 262–263
renewable energy, 4, 256, 262–263, 265, 266
Entrepreneurs, 73, 141, 175, 222, 297
Equestrian culture, 292, 294
ESRS (European Society of Rural Sociology), 78
Europe
European Economic Community, 77, 89n14
European Union, 77, 78, 84, 89n14, 210, 250, 264, 306
Exurban development, 44, 94, 96
Farmers, 4, 72, 73, 76, 85, 96, 112, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 136, 165, 166, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178, 179, 181, 182, 184, 276, 282, 283, 284, 285, 287, 297, 328
Farming
peri-urban farming, 20, 21
Festivals and events, 290, 291
Finland, 13, 40–49, 51, 54–62, 75, 76, 79, 89n11, 89n14, 125, 127, 128, 130, 135, 136, 140, 153, 196, 197, 199, 208, 218, 222, 223, 224, 225, 228, 236, 328
Food
alternative, 277, 288, 308, 311, 312, 313, 319, 320, 326
conventional, 305, 308, 310, 311, 312, 313, 319, 320
corporate food regime, 14, 329
crises, see Global food crises
culture, 293, 299n7
food system, 77, 80, 276, 278, 280, 281, 304, 305, 307, 308, 311, 312, 313, 317, 319, 320
local, 81, 173, 175, 259, 280, 288, 289, 290, 297, 312
organic, 73, 165, 261, 289, 291
production of, 72, 165
slow food movement, 81, 312
UFS (urban food strategies), 4, 14, 303–321, 329
Forests, 11, 24, 27, 31, 33, 63n1, 86, 162, 164, 327
France, 247, 282, 284, 314
Galpin, C. J., 5, 70, 71, 85, 88, 88n2
Gastronomy, 290, 292
Gentrification, 12, 125–154, 296
Germany, 129, 245, 247, 248, 250, 251, 264, 328
Gieryn, T. F., 71, 88n2
Gilbert, J., 75, 77, 89n13
Global Food Crises, 73, 74, 81, 83, 84, 87
Governance
collaborative, 6–7, 8–9, 192, 194, 195, 196, 201, 202, 206, 218, 219, 235
meta-, 199
metropolitan, 191–211, 218, 265
multi-level, 10, 247, 298
Greece, 22, 30, 33, 248, 314
Green-house effect
greenhouse rationalism, 12, 86
phenomenon, 73, 74, 81, 85
Growth
compact growth, 21, 22, 24
growth machine, 4, 6, 326
Haila, A., 197, 198, 199, 205
Hajer, M., 194, 196, 198, 201
Health, 41, 224, 281, 305, 317
Heinelt, H., 192, 193, 194, 244, 252, 253
Helsinki
Helsinki Region, 44, 197, 200, 201, 205, 328
Metropolitan Area, 13, 191–211
Neighbourhoods Association Helka, 202, 205, 211
Horsification, 174
Housing
illegal housing, 31, 33
Hungary, 292, 293, 297
Hunting, 12, 96, 108, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 118, 120, 121, 138, 146, 151, 152
Identity, 61, 96, 113, 114, 118, 120, 127, 128, 132, 152, 153, 194, 309
Industrialism
post, 40
Innovation, 77, 79, 200, 221, 222, 225, 226, 229, 235, 254, 275, 276, 278, 281, 284, 288, 292, 294, 295, 296, 298
Institutions
institutional divide, 215–236
institutional void, 198, 201
Intellectuals
local intellectuals, 291
Interpretive policy analysis, 196
Knowledge use, 284
Kübler, D., 192, 193, 194, 195, 243, 244, 247
Land-Grant Universities, 75, 89n9
Land-use
land fragmentation, 31, 32
land-use classes, 22
pressure on farmland, 173, 174, 181, 184
Language minorities, 41, 62, 142
Late modernism, 3, 7, 10, 13, 42, 59, 62, 326
Le Galès, P., 194, 195, 197, 198, 199, 205
LEADER, 84
Local food, see Food
Localism
new, 14, 309
pluri, 43
Lombardia, 81
Malthus, T. R., 2
Managerialism, 219
Marxism
neo-, 77
Mediterranean
fringe, 19, 33, 35
Metropolitan
fringe, 22, 244
governance, see Governance
participation, 205, 208, 209, 210, 211
rurality, 1, 4, 5, 9, 127, 128, 130, 132, 136, 137, 151, 153, 193, 200, 204, 209, 210, 276, 277, 281, 288, 298, 327
Middle-class, 139, 148, 150, 151, 289, 291, 292
Minorities
Swedish-speaking Finns, 11, 42, 54
Mobility of population, 57
Morphological transition, 30
Movement, 14, 54, 61
Municipality
municipal cooperation, 228–229
Newby, H., 77, 88n3
Nonjon, M., 206, 207
Normative scholars, 319
Nyland, 40, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62
Octagon, 131, 133, 148
Ostrobothnia, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 49–63, 137, 138
Paris
region, 281, 287
Participation
multi-stakeholder process, 170, 171, 176
participatory envisioning process, 166, 182
tools, 203, 205
Partnership, 9, 107, 182, 195, 196, 218, 219, 220, 229, 230, 283, 314, 320
Peri-urban agriculture
Ghent, 172–176
Kortrijk, 172–176
Pinson, G., 192, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 208, 211
Planning
deregulation, 33
informality in, 21
spatial, 179, 180, 182, 185, 216, 242, 247
strategic planning and thinking, 303
Pluri-localism, see Localism
Policy, 2, 7, 82, 84, 163, 216
Post-carbon, 5, 8, 9, 14, 221, 222
Post-Fordism, 129
Power
layered power, 277
Poverty
in rural areas, 74
Productionism
post, 73, 86, 87
Professionals of participation, 207
Project
precariat, 62
project class, 81, 89n16, 277, 297
projectification, 192, 195, 277
Public choice, 192, 193, 202, 209, 244
Purnell act, 89n8
Qviström, M., 5, 163, 182
Rationalism
greenhouse, 12, 86
Real estate speculation, 35
Reform
metropolitan, 192, 193, 194, 209
Regionalism
new, 7, 194, 216, 218, 242, 244, 247
Research institutes, 74, 78, 225, 226, 229, 232, 235
Resilience, 5, 11, 242, 259, 326
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt’s Comission, 74
RUF (rural urban fringe), rural, 162, 163, 165, 166, 174, 181, 182, 185
areas close to urban areas, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 63
the birth of, 74
gentrification, 127, 133, 134, 136–137
heartland, 50, 51, 52, 53, 63, 228, 235
local centres in rural areas, 50, 51, 63
ruralities, 128, 136, 137, 150, 154, 327
sociology, 9, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 86, 87, 89n13, 94
studies, 77, 79, 81
Rural-urban
classification, 42, 50
relationship, 215–236, 280, 283, 289, 297
transformation processes, 132
Trans-rurban rurality, 86–88
Rural-urban fringe
agriculture, 163–166
pressure on farmland, 181–182
urbanisation, 185
Rurban
rurban conservatism, 328
Russia
agriculture after Soviet time, 88n7
Second home, 54, 73, 294
Sociodiversity, 85
Socioeconomic indicators, 147
Soil degradation, 20
Sorokin, P., 5, 10, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 128, 327
Southern Europe, 20, 30, 33
Sparsely populated rural areas, 50, 51, 52, 63n1, 221, 228, 235
Spatial planning, see Planning
Stuttgart, 13, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 328
Sundom
Sundomers, 138, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151, 153
Sustainability
social, 125–154, 256, 277, 310
sustainable development, 10, 35, 241–266, 281, 283, 284, 286, 291, 292, 298, 326
Swabian Gastronomy Festival, 290
Sweden, 11, 41, 44, 61, 314
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Ecological
foodprints, 2, 8, 14, 86, 221, 245, 265, 305, 326
turn, 326
Ecosystem services, 8, 74, 78, 86, 87, 88, 221, 260, 327
Energy
local energy, 262–263
renewable energy, 4, 256, 262–263, 265, 266
Entrepreneurs, 73, 141, 175, 222, 297
Equestrian culture, 292, 294
ESRS (European Society of Rural Sociology), 78
Europe
European Economic Community, 77, 89n14
European Union, 77, 78, 84, 89n14, 210, 250, 264, 306
Exurban development, 44, 94, 96
Farmers, 4, 72, 73, 76, 85, 96, 112, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 136, 165, 166, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178, 179, 181, 182, 184, 276, 282, 283, 284, 285, 287, 297, 328
Farming
peri-urban farming, 20, 21
Festivals and events, 290, 291
Finland, 13, 40–49, 51, 54–62, 75, 76, 79, 89n11, 89n14, 125, 127, 128, 130, 135, 136, 140, 153, 196, 197, 199, 208, 218, 222, 223, 224, 225, 228, 236, 328
Food
alternative, 277, 288, 308, 311, 312, 313, 319, 320, 326
conventional, 305, 308, 310, 311, 312, 313, 319, 320
corporate food regime, 14, 329
crises, see Global food crises
culture, 293, 299n7
food system, 77, 80, 276, 278, 280, 281, 304, 305, 307, 308, 311, 312, 313, 317, 319, 320
local, 81, 173, 175, 259, 280, 288, 289, 290, 297, 312
organic, 73, 165, 261, 289, 291
production of, 72, 165
slow food movement, 81, 312
UFS (urban food strategies), 4, 14, 303–321, 329
Forests, 11, 24, 27, 31, 33, 63n1, 86, 162, 164, 327
France, 247, 282, 284, 314
Galpin, C. J., 5, 70, 71, 85, 88, 88n2
Gastronomy, 290, 292
Gentrification, 12, 125–154, 296
Germany, 129, 245, 247, 248, 250, 251, 264, 328
Gieryn, T. F., 71, 88n2
Gilbert, J., 75, 77, 89n13
Global Food Crises, 73, 74, 81, 83, 84, 87
Governance
collaborative, 6–7, 8–9, 192, 194, 195, 196, 201, 202, 206, 218, 219, 235
meta-, 199
metropolitan, 191–211, 218, 265
multi-level, 10, 247, 298
Greece, 22, 30, 33, 248, 314
Green-house effect
greenhouse rationalism, 12, 86
phenomenon, 73, 74, 81, 85
Growth
compact growth, 21, 22, 24
growth machine, 4, 6, 326
Haila, A., 197, 198, 199, 205
Hajer, M., 194, 196, 198, 201
Health, 41, 224, 281, 305, 317
Heinelt, H., 192, 193, 194, 244, 252, 253
Helsinki
Helsinki Region, 44, 197, 200, 201, 205, 328
Metropolitan Area, 13, 191–211
Neighbourhoods Association Helka, 202, 205, 211
Horsification, 174
Housing
illegal housing, 31, 33
Hungary, 292, 293, 297
Hunting, 12, 96, 108, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 118, 120, 121, 138, 146, 151, 152
Identity, 61, 96, 113, 114, 118, 120, 127, 128, 132, 152, 153, 194, 309
Industrialism
post, 40
Innovation, 77, 79, 200, 221, 222, 225, 226, 229, 235, 254, 275, 276, 278, 281, 284, 288, 292, 294, 295, 296, 298
Institutions
institutional divide, 215–236
institutional void, 198, 201
Intellectuals
local intellectuals, 291
Interpretive policy analysis, 196
Knowledge use, 284
Kübler, D., 192, 193, 194, 195, 243, 244, 247
Land-Grant Universities, 75, 89n9
Land-use
land fragmentation, 31, 32
land-use classes, 22
pressure on farmland, 173, 174, 181, 184
Language minorities, 41, 62, 142
Late modernism, 3, 7, 10, 13, 42, 59, 62, 326
Le Galès, P., 194, 195, 197, 198, 199, 205
LEADER, 84
Local food, see Food
Localism
new, 14, 309
pluri, 43
Lombardia, 81
Malthus, T. R., 2
Managerialism, 219
Marxism
neo-, 77
Mediterranean
fringe, 19, 33, 35
Metropolitan
fringe, 22, 244
governance, see Governance
participation, 205, 208, 209, 210, 211
rurality, 1, 4, 5, 9, 127, 128, 130, 132, 136, 137, 151, 153, 193, 200, 204, 209, 210, 276, 277, 281, 288, 298, 327
Middle-class, 139, 148, 150, 151, 289, 291, 292
Minorities
Swedish-speaking Finns, 11, 42, 54
Mobility of population, 57
Morphological transition, 30
Movement, 14, 54, 61
Municipality
municipal cooperation, 228–229
Newby, H., 77, 88n3
Nonjon, M., 206, 207
Normative scholars, 319
Nyland, 40, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62
Octagon, 131, 133, 148
Ostrobothnia, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 49–63, 137, 138
Paris
region, 281, 287
Participation
multi-stakeholder process, 170, 171, 176
participatory envisioning process, 166, 182
tools, 203, 205
Partnership, 9, 107, 182, 195, 196, 218, 219, 220, 229, 230, 283, 314, 320
Peri-urban agriculture
Ghent, 172–176
Kortrijk, 172–176
Pinson, G., 192, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 208, 211
Planning
deregulation, 33
informality in, 21
spatial, 179, 180, 182, 185, 216, 242, 247
strategic planning and thinking, 303
Pluri-localism, see Localism
Policy, 2, 7, 82, 84, 163, 216
Post-carbon, 5, 8, 9, 14, 221, 222
Post-Fordism, 129
Power
layered power, 277
Poverty
in rural areas, 74
Productionism
post, 73, 86, 87
Professionals of participation, 207
Project
precariat, 62
project class, 81, 89n16, 277, 297
projectification, 192, 195, 277
Public choice, 192, 193, 202, 209, 244
Purnell act, 89n8
Qviström, M., 5, 163, 182
Rationalism
greenhouse, 12, 86
Real estate speculation, 35
Reform
metropolitan, 192, 193, 194, 209
Regionalism
new, 7, 194, 216, 218, 242, 244, 247
Research institutes, 74, 78, 225, 226, 229, 232, 235
Resilience, 5, 11, 242, 259, 326
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt’s Comission, 74
RUF (rural urban fringe), rural, 162, 163, 165, 166, 174, 181, 182, 185
areas close to urban areas, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 63
the birth of, 74
gentrification, 127, 133, 134, 136–137
heartland, 50, 51, 52, 53, 63, 228, 235
local centres in rural areas, 50, 51, 63
ruralities, 128, 136, 137, 150, 154, 327
sociology, 9, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 86, 87, 89n13, 94
studies, 77, 79, 81
Rural-urban
classification, 42, 50
relationship, 215–236, 280, 283, 289, 297
transformation processes, 132
Trans-rurban rurality, 86–88
Rural-urban fringe
agriculture, 163–166
pressure on farmland, 181–182
urbanisation, 185
Rurban
rurban conservatism, 328
Russia
agriculture after Soviet time, 88n7
Second home, 54, 73, 294
Sociodiversity, 85
Socioeconomic indicators, 147
Soil degradation, 20
Sorokin, P., 5, 10, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 128, 327
Southern Europe, 20, 30, 33
Sparsely populated rural areas, 50, 51, 52, 63n1, 221, 228, 235
Spatial planning, see Planning
Stuttgart, 13, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 328
Sundom
Sundomers, 138, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151, 153
Sustainability
social, 125–154, 256, 277, 310
sustainable development, 10, 35, 241–266, 281, 283, 284, 286, 291, 292, 298, 326
Swabian Gastronomy Festival, 290
Sweden, 11, 41, 44, 61, 314
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Galpin, C. J., 5, 70, 71, 85, 88, 88n2
Gastronomy, 290, 292
Gentrification, 12, 125–154, 296
Germany, 129, 245, 247, 248, 250, 251, 264, 328
Gieryn, T. F., 71, 88n2
Gilbert, J., 75, 77, 89n13
Global Food Crises, 73, 74, 81, 83, 84, 87
Governance
collaborative, 6–7, 8–9, 192, 194, 195, 196, 201, 202, 206, 218, 219, 235
meta-, 199
metropolitan, 191–211, 218, 265
multi-level, 10, 247, 298
Greece, 22, 30, 33, 248, 314
Green-house effect
greenhouse rationalism, 12, 86
phenomenon, 73, 74, 81, 85
Growth
compact growth, 21, 22, 24
growth machine, 4, 6, 326
Haila, A., 197, 198, 199, 205
Hajer, M., 194, 196, 198, 201
Health, 41, 224, 281, 305, 317
Heinelt, H., 192, 193, 194, 244, 252, 253
Helsinki
Helsinki Region, 44, 197, 200, 201, 205, 328
Metropolitan Area, 13, 191–211
Neighbourhoods Association Helka, 202, 205, 211
Horsification, 174
Housing
illegal housing, 31, 33
Hungary, 292, 293, 297
Hunting, 12, 96, 108, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 118, 120, 121, 138, 146, 151, 152
Identity, 61, 96, 113, 114, 118, 120, 127, 128, 132, 152, 153, 194, 309
Industrialism
post, 40
Innovation, 77, 79, 200, 221, 222, 225, 226, 229, 235, 254, 275, 276, 278, 281, 284, 288, 292, 294, 295, 296, 298
Institutions
institutional divide, 215–236
institutional void, 198, 201
Intellectuals
local intellectuals, 291
Interpretive policy analysis, 196
Knowledge use, 284
Kübler, D., 192, 193, 194, 195, 243, 244, 247
Land-Grant Universities, 75, 89n9
Land-use
land fragmentation, 31, 32
land-use classes, 22
pressure on farmland, 173, 174, 181, 184
Language minorities, 41, 62, 142
Late modernism, 3, 7, 10, 13, 42, 59, 62, 326
Le Galès, P., 194, 195, 197, 198, 199, 205
LEADER, 84
Local food, see Food
Localism
new, 14, 309
pluri, 43
Lombardia, 81
Malthus, T. R., 2
Managerialism, 219
Marxism
neo-, 77
Mediterranean
fringe, 19, 33, 35
Metropolitan
fringe, 22, 244
governance, see Governance
participation, 205, 208, 209, 210, 211
rurality, 1, 4, 5, 9, 127, 128, 130, 132, 136, 137, 151, 153, 193, 200, 204, 209, 210, 276, 277, 281, 288, 298, 327
Middle-class, 139, 148, 150, 151, 289, 291, 292
Minorities
Swedish-speaking Finns, 11, 42, 54
Mobility of population, 57
Morphological transition, 30
Movement, 14, 54, 61
Municipality
municipal cooperation, 228–229
Newby, H., 77, 88n3
Nonjon, M., 206, 207
Normative scholars, 319
Nyland, 40, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62
Octagon, 131, 133, 148
Ostrobothnia, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 49–63, 137, 138
Paris
region, 281, 287
Participation
multi-stakeholder process, 170, 171, 176
participatory envisioning process, 166, 182
tools, 203, 205
Partnership, 9, 107, 182, 195, 196, 218, 219, 220, 229, 230, 283, 314, 320
Peri-urban agriculture
Ghent, 172–176
Kortrijk, 172–176
Pinson, G., 192, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 208, 211
Planning
deregulation, 33
informality in, 21
spatial, 179, 180, 182, 185, 216, 242, 247
strategic planning and thinking, 303
Pluri-localism, see Localism
Policy, 2, 7, 82, 84, 163, 216
Post-carbon, 5, 8, 9, 14, 221, 222
Post-Fordism, 129
Power
layered power, 277
Poverty
in rural areas, 74
Productionism
post, 73, 86, 87
Professionals of participation, 207
Project
precariat, 62
project class, 81, 89n16, 277, 297
projectification, 192, 195, 277
Public choice, 192, 193, 202, 209, 244
Purnell act, 89n8
Qviström, M., 5, 163, 182
Rationalism
greenhouse, 12, 86
Real estate speculation, 35
Reform
metropolitan, 192, 193, 194, 209
Regionalism
new, 7, 194, 216, 218, 242, 244, 247
Research institutes, 74, 78, 225, 226, 229, 232, 235
Resilience, 5, 11, 242, 259, 326
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt’s Comission, 74
RUF (rural urban fringe), rural, 162, 163, 165, 166, 174, 181, 182, 185
areas close to urban areas, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 63
the birth of, 74
gentrification, 127, 133, 134, 136–137
heartland, 50, 51, 52, 53, 63, 228, 235
local centres in rural areas, 50, 51, 63
ruralities, 128, 136, 137, 150, 154, 327
sociology, 9, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 86, 87, 89n13, 94
studies, 77, 79, 81
Rural-urban
classification, 42, 50
relationship, 215–236, 280, 283, 289, 297
transformation processes, 132
Trans-rurban rurality, 86–88
Rural-urban fringe
agriculture, 163–166
pressure on farmland, 181–182
urbanisation, 185
Rurban
rurban conservatism, 328
Russia
agriculture after Soviet time, 88n7
Second home, 54, 73, 294
Sociodiversity, 85
Socioeconomic indicators, 147
Soil degradation, 20
Sorokin, P., 5, 10, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 128, 327
Southern Europe, 20, 30, 33
Sparsely populated rural areas, 50, 51, 52, 63n1, 221, 228, 235
Spatial planning, see Planning
Stuttgart, 13, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 328
Sundom
Sundomers, 138, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151, 153
Sustainability
social, 125–154, 256, 277, 310
sustainable development, 10, 35, 241–266, 281, 283, 284, 286, 291, 292, 298, 326
Swabian Gastronomy Festival, 290
Sweden, 11, 41, 44, 61, 314
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Identity, 61, 96, 113, 114, 118, 120, 127, 128, 132, 152, 153, 194, 309
Industrialism
post, 40
Innovation, 77, 79, 200, 221, 222, 225, 226, 229, 235, 254, 275, 276, 278, 281, 284, 288, 292, 294, 295, 296, 298
Institutions
institutional divide, 215–236
institutional void, 198, 201
Intellectuals
local intellectuals, 291
Interpretive policy analysis, 196
Knowledge use, 284
Kübler, D., 192, 193, 194, 195, 243, 244, 247
Land-Grant Universities, 75, 89n9
Land-use
land fragmentation, 31, 32
land-use classes, 22
pressure on farmland, 173, 174, 181, 184
Language minorities, 41, 62, 142
Late modernism, 3, 7, 10, 13, 42, 59, 62, 326
Le Galès, P., 194, 195, 197, 198, 199, 205
LEADER, 84
Local food, see Food
Localism
new, 14, 309
pluri, 43
Lombardia, 81
Malthus, T. R., 2
Managerialism, 219
Marxism
neo-, 77
Mediterranean
fringe, 19, 33, 35
Metropolitan
fringe, 22, 244
governance, see Governance
participation, 205, 208, 209, 210, 211
rurality, 1, 4, 5, 9, 127, 128, 130, 132, 136, 137, 151, 153, 193, 200, 204, 209, 210, 276, 277, 281, 288, 298, 327
Middle-class, 139, 148, 150, 151, 289, 291, 292
Minorities
Swedish-speaking Finns, 11, 42, 54
Mobility of population, 57
Morphological transition, 30
Movement, 14, 54, 61
Municipality
municipal cooperation, 228–229
Newby, H., 77, 88n3
Nonjon, M., 206, 207
Normative scholars, 319
Nyland, 40, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62
Octagon, 131, 133, 148
Ostrobothnia, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 49–63, 137, 138
Paris
region, 281, 287
Participation
multi-stakeholder process, 170, 171, 176
participatory envisioning process, 166, 182
tools, 203, 205
Partnership, 9, 107, 182, 195, 196, 218, 219, 220, 229, 230, 283, 314, 320
Peri-urban agriculture
Ghent, 172–176
Kortrijk, 172–176
Pinson, G., 192, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 208, 211
Planning
deregulation, 33
informality in, 21
spatial, 179, 180, 182, 185, 216, 242, 247
strategic planning and thinking, 303
Pluri-localism, see Localism
Policy, 2, 7, 82, 84, 163, 216
Post-carbon, 5, 8, 9, 14, 221, 222
Post-Fordism, 129
Power
layered power, 277
Poverty
in rural areas, 74
Productionism
post, 73, 86, 87
Professionals of participation, 207
Project
precariat, 62
project class, 81, 89n16, 277, 297
projectification, 192, 195, 277
Public choice, 192, 193, 202, 209, 244
Purnell act, 89n8
Qviström, M., 5, 163, 182
Rationalism
greenhouse, 12, 86
Real estate speculation, 35
Reform
metropolitan, 192, 193, 194, 209
Regionalism
new, 7, 194, 216, 218, 242, 244, 247
Research institutes, 74, 78, 225, 226, 229, 232, 235
Resilience, 5, 11, 242, 259, 326
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt’s Comission, 74
RUF (rural urban fringe), rural, 162, 163, 165, 166, 174, 181, 182, 185
areas close to urban areas, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 63
the birth of, 74
gentrification, 127, 133, 134, 136–137
heartland, 50, 51, 52, 53, 63, 228, 235
local centres in rural areas, 50, 51, 63
ruralities, 128, 136, 137, 150, 154, 327
sociology, 9, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 86, 87, 89n13, 94
studies, 77, 79, 81
Rural-urban
classification, 42, 50
relationship, 215–236, 280, 283, 289, 297
transformation processes, 132
Trans-rurban rurality, 86–88
Rural-urban fringe
agriculture, 163–166
pressure on farmland, 181–182
urbanisation, 185
Rurban
rurban conservatism, 328
Russia
agriculture after Soviet time, 88n7
Second home, 54, 73, 294
Sociodiversity, 85
Socioeconomic indicators, 147
Soil degradation, 20
Sorokin, P., 5, 10, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 128, 327
Southern Europe, 20, 30, 33
Sparsely populated rural areas, 50, 51, 52, 63n1, 221, 228, 235
Spatial planning, see Planning
Stuttgart, 13, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 328
Sundom
Sundomers, 138, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151, 153
Sustainability
social, 125–154, 256, 277, 310
sustainable development, 10, 35, 241–266, 281, 283, 284, 286, 291, 292, 298, 326
Swabian Gastronomy Festival, 290
Sweden, 11, 41, 44, 61, 314
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Land-Grant Universities, 75, 89n9
Land-use
land fragmentation, 31, 32
land-use classes, 22
pressure on farmland, 173, 174, 181, 184
Language minorities, 41, 62, 142
Late modernism, 3, 7, 10, 13, 42, 59, 62, 326
Le Galès, P., 194, 195, 197, 198, 199, 205
LEADER, 84
Local food, see Food
Localism
new, 14, 309
pluri, 43
Lombardia, 81
Malthus, T. R., 2
Managerialism, 219
Marxism
neo-, 77
Mediterranean
fringe, 19, 33, 35
Metropolitan
fringe, 22, 244
governance, see Governance
participation, 205, 208, 209, 210, 211
rurality, 1, 4, 5, 9, 127, 128, 130, 132, 136, 137, 151, 153, 193, 200, 204, 209, 210, 276, 277, 281, 288, 298, 327
Middle-class, 139, 148, 150, 151, 289, 291, 292
Minorities
Swedish-speaking Finns, 11, 42, 54
Mobility of population, 57
Morphological transition, 30
Movement, 14, 54, 61
Municipality
municipal cooperation, 228–229
Newby, H., 77, 88n3
Nonjon, M., 206, 207
Normative scholars, 319
Nyland, 40, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62
Octagon, 131, 133, 148
Ostrobothnia, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 49–63, 137, 138
Paris
region, 281, 287
Participation
multi-stakeholder process, 170, 171, 176
participatory envisioning process, 166, 182
tools, 203, 205
Partnership, 9, 107, 182, 195, 196, 218, 219, 220, 229, 230, 283, 314, 320
Peri-urban agriculture
Ghent, 172–176
Kortrijk, 172–176
Pinson, G., 192, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 208, 211
Planning
deregulation, 33
informality in, 21
spatial, 179, 180, 182, 185, 216, 242, 247
strategic planning and thinking, 303
Pluri-localism, see Localism
Policy, 2, 7, 82, 84, 163, 216
Post-carbon, 5, 8, 9, 14, 221, 222
Post-Fordism, 129
Power
layered power, 277
Poverty
in rural areas, 74
Productionism
post, 73, 86, 87
Professionals of participation, 207
Project
precariat, 62
project class, 81, 89n16, 277, 297
projectification, 192, 195, 277
Public choice, 192, 193, 202, 209, 244
Purnell act, 89n8
Qviström, M., 5, 163, 182
Rationalism
greenhouse, 12, 86
Real estate speculation, 35
Reform
metropolitan, 192, 193, 194, 209
Regionalism
new, 7, 194, 216, 218, 242, 244, 247
Research institutes, 74, 78, 225, 226, 229, 232, 235
Resilience, 5, 11, 242, 259, 326
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt’s Comission, 74
RUF (rural urban fringe), rural, 162, 163, 165, 166, 174, 181, 182, 185
areas close to urban areas, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 63
the birth of, 74
gentrification, 127, 133, 134, 136–137
heartland, 50, 51, 52, 53, 63, 228, 235
local centres in rural areas, 50, 51, 63
ruralities, 128, 136, 137, 150, 154, 327
sociology, 9, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 86, 87, 89n13, 94
studies, 77, 79, 81
Rural-urban
classification, 42, 50
relationship, 215–236, 280, 283, 289, 297
transformation processes, 132
Trans-rurban rurality, 86–88
Rural-urban fringe
agriculture, 163–166
pressure on farmland, 181–182
urbanisation, 185
Rurban
rurban conservatism, 328
Russia
agriculture after Soviet time, 88n7
Second home, 54, 73, 294
Sociodiversity, 85
Socioeconomic indicators, 147
Soil degradation, 20
Sorokin, P., 5, 10, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 128, 327
Southern Europe, 20, 30, 33
Sparsely populated rural areas, 50, 51, 52, 63n1, 221, 228, 235
Spatial planning, see Planning
Stuttgart, 13, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 328
Sundom
Sundomers, 138, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151, 153
Sustainability
social, 125–154, 256, 277, 310
sustainable development, 10, 35, 241–266, 281, 283, 284, 286, 291, 292, 298, 326
Swabian Gastronomy Festival, 290
Sweden, 11, 41, 44, 61, 314
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Newby, H., 77, 88n3
Nonjon, M., 206, 207
Normative scholars, 319
Nyland, 40, 45, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62
Octagon, 131, 133, 148
Ostrobothnia, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46, 49–63, 137, 138
Paris
region, 281, 287
Participation
multi-stakeholder process, 170, 171, 176
participatory envisioning process, 166, 182
tools, 203, 205
Partnership, 9, 107, 182, 195, 196, 218, 219, 220, 229, 230, 283, 314, 320
Peri-urban agriculture
Ghent, 172–176
Kortrijk, 172–176
Pinson, G., 192, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 208, 211
Planning
deregulation, 33
informality in, 21
spatial, 179, 180, 182, 185, 216, 242, 247
strategic planning and thinking, 303
Pluri-localism, see Localism
Policy, 2, 7, 82, 84, 163, 216
Post-carbon, 5, 8, 9, 14, 221, 222
Post-Fordism, 129
Power
layered power, 277
Poverty
in rural areas, 74
Productionism
post, 73, 86, 87
Professionals of participation, 207
Project
precariat, 62
project class, 81, 89n16, 277, 297
projectification, 192, 195, 277
Public choice, 192, 193, 202, 209, 244
Purnell act, 89n8
Qviström, M., 5, 163, 182
Rationalism
greenhouse, 12, 86
Real estate speculation, 35
Reform
metropolitan, 192, 193, 194, 209
Regionalism
new, 7, 194, 216, 218, 242, 244, 247
Research institutes, 74, 78, 225, 226, 229, 232, 235
Resilience, 5, 11, 242, 259, 326
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt’s Comission, 74
RUF (rural urban fringe), rural, 162, 163, 165, 166, 174, 181, 182, 185
areas close to urban areas, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 63
the birth of, 74
gentrification, 127, 133, 134, 136–137
heartland, 50, 51, 52, 53, 63, 228, 235
local centres in rural areas, 50, 51, 63
ruralities, 128, 136, 137, 150, 154, 327
sociology, 9, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 86, 87, 89n13, 94
studies, 77, 79, 81
Rural-urban
classification, 42, 50
relationship, 215–236, 280, 283, 289, 297
transformation processes, 132
Trans-rurban rurality, 86–88
Rural-urban fringe
agriculture, 163–166
pressure on farmland, 181–182
urbanisation, 185
Rurban
rurban conservatism, 328
Russia
agriculture after Soviet time, 88n7
Second home, 54, 73, 294
Sociodiversity, 85
Socioeconomic indicators, 147
Soil degradation, 20
Sorokin, P., 5, 10, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 128, 327
Southern Europe, 20, 30, 33
Sparsely populated rural areas, 50, 51, 52, 63n1, 221, 228, 235
Spatial planning, see Planning
Stuttgart, 13, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 328
Sundom
Sundomers, 138, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151, 153
Sustainability
social, 125–154, 256, 277, 310
sustainable development, 10, 35, 241–266, 281, 283, 284, 286, 291, 292, 298, 326
Swabian Gastronomy Festival, 290
Sweden, 11, 41, 44, 61, 314
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Paris
region, 281, 287
Participation
multi-stakeholder process, 170, 171, 176
participatory envisioning process, 166, 182
tools, 203, 205
Partnership, 9, 107, 182, 195, 196, 218, 219, 220, 229, 230, 283, 314, 320
Peri-urban agriculture
Ghent, 172–176
Kortrijk, 172–176
Pinson, G., 192, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 208, 211
Planning
deregulation, 33
informality in, 21
spatial, 179, 180, 182, 185, 216, 242, 247
strategic planning and thinking, 303
Pluri-localism, see Localism
Policy, 2, 7, 82, 84, 163, 216
Post-carbon, 5, 8, 9, 14, 221, 222
Post-Fordism, 129
Power
layered power, 277
Poverty
in rural areas, 74
Productionism
post, 73, 86, 87
Professionals of participation, 207
Project
precariat, 62
project class, 81, 89n16, 277, 297
projectification, 192, 195, 277
Public choice, 192, 193, 202, 209, 244
Purnell act, 89n8
Qviström, M., 5, 163, 182
Rationalism
greenhouse, 12, 86
Real estate speculation, 35
Reform
metropolitan, 192, 193, 194, 209
Regionalism
new, 7, 194, 216, 218, 242, 244, 247
Research institutes, 74, 78, 225, 226, 229, 232, 235
Resilience, 5, 11, 242, 259, 326
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt’s Comission, 74
RUF (rural urban fringe), rural, 162, 163, 165, 166, 174, 181, 182, 185
areas close to urban areas, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 63
the birth of, 74
gentrification, 127, 133, 134, 136–137
heartland, 50, 51, 52, 53, 63, 228, 235
local centres in rural areas, 50, 51, 63
ruralities, 128, 136, 137, 150, 154, 327
sociology, 9, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 86, 87, 89n13, 94
studies, 77, 79, 81
Rural-urban
classification, 42, 50
relationship, 215–236, 280, 283, 289, 297
transformation processes, 132
Trans-rurban rurality, 86–88
Rural-urban fringe
agriculture, 163–166
pressure on farmland, 181–182
urbanisation, 185
Rurban
rurban conservatism, 328
Russia
agriculture after Soviet time, 88n7
Second home, 54, 73, 294
Sociodiversity, 85
Socioeconomic indicators, 147
Soil degradation, 20
Sorokin, P., 5, 10, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 128, 327
Southern Europe, 20, 30, 33
Sparsely populated rural areas, 50, 51, 52, 63n1, 221, 228, 235
Spatial planning, see Planning
Stuttgart, 13, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 328
Sundom
Sundomers, 138, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151, 153
Sustainability
social, 125–154, 256, 277, 310
sustainable development, 10, 35, 241–266, 281, 283, 284, 286, 291, 292, 298, 326
Swabian Gastronomy Festival, 290
Sweden, 11, 41, 44, 61, 314
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Rationalism
greenhouse, 12, 86
Real estate speculation, 35
Reform
metropolitan, 192, 193, 194, 209
Regionalism
new, 7, 194, 216, 218, 242, 244, 247
Research institutes, 74, 78, 225, 226, 229, 232, 235
Resilience, 5, 11, 242, 259, 326
Roosevelt, T.
Roosevelt’s Comission, 74
RUF (rural urban fringe), rural, 162, 163, 165, 166, 174, 181, 182, 185
areas close to urban areas, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 63
the birth of, 74
gentrification, 127, 133, 134, 136–137
heartland, 50, 51, 52, 53, 63, 228, 235
local centres in rural areas, 50, 51, 63
ruralities, 128, 136, 137, 150, 154, 327
sociology, 9, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 86, 87, 89n13, 94
studies, 77, 79, 81
Rural-urban
classification, 42, 50
relationship, 215–236, 280, 283, 289, 297
transformation processes, 132
Trans-rurban rurality, 86–88
Rural-urban fringe
agriculture, 163–166
pressure on farmland, 181–182
urbanisation, 185
Rurban
rurban conservatism, 328
Russia
agriculture after Soviet time, 88n7
Second home, 54, 73, 294
Sociodiversity, 85
Socioeconomic indicators, 147
Soil degradation, 20
Sorokin, P., 5, 10, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 128, 327
Southern Europe, 20, 30, 33
Sparsely populated rural areas, 50, 51, 52, 63n1, 221, 228, 235
Spatial planning, see Planning
Stuttgart, 13, 245, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263, 264, 266, 328
Sundom
Sundomers, 138, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151, 153
Sustainability
social, 125–154, 256, 277, 310
sustainable development, 10, 35, 241–266, 281, 283, 284, 286, 291, 292, 298, 326
Swabian Gastronomy Festival, 290
Sweden, 11, 41, 44, 61, 314
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Taeuber, K., 70
Triangular study, 131, 132
Urban
coexistence, 330
expansion, 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 33, 35, 164, 326, 330
growth, 10, 30, 35, 162, 164, 181
inner urban area, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 62n1, 134
new urban policies, 195
outer urban area, 50, 51, 52, 62n1
Sprawl, Programme for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, 9
upper classes, 288
urban food strategies, see Food
Urbanisation
counter-urbanisation dispersed urbanisation, 3, 164, 165
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Vaasa, 12, 125–154
Village
days, 295
village community, 145, 150
villages within the village, 141, 145, 151, 153
Wilson E.O., 85, 89n18, 114
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
Zimmerman, C. C., 5, 70, 71, 75, 85, 87, 88, 88n2, 244
- Metropolitan Ruralities
- Research in Rural Sociology and Development
- Endorsements
- Metropolitan Ruralities
- Copyright Page
- List of Contributors
- List of Appendices
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Introduction
- Part I: Urban Sprawl
- Neither Urban Nor Rural: Urban Growth, Economic Functions and the Use of Land in the Mediterranean Fringe
- The Rural-Urban Dynamics and the Swedish-Speaking Finns. Challenges and Opportunities for a Regionally Based Ethnic Group
- Part II: Rurbanisation
- Long Wave of Rural Research from Combating Poverty to Sustaining Ecosystems
- Relations and Areas of Interaction Between Landowners in a Peri-Urban Area
- Transformation and Survival Strategy – Rural Gentrification and Social Sustainability in Gentrified Metropolitan and Urban Ruralities, the Case of Sundom, Vaasa, Finland
- Part III: Governance
- Envisioning Opportunities for Agriculture in Peri-Urban Areas
- Programme- and Project-Based Metropolitan Governance and Citizen Participation: A Case Study from the Helsinki Metropolitan Area
- The Prospects for Bridging Spatial and Institutional Divides within Regions: Rural-Urban Relationships in a Projectified Governance Context
- Regional Spatial Planning, Government and Governance as Recipe for Sustainable Development?
- Part IV: Metabolism
- Exploring Innovation and Sustainability in the Metropolitan Rural Areas of Budapest and Paris
- Urban Food Strategies. Exploring Definitions and Diffusion of European Cities’ Latest Policy Trend
- Conclusion
- About the Authors
- Index