Effects of culture on graphical password image selection and design
Journal of Systems and Information Technology
ISSN: 1328-7265
Article publication date: 14 April 2020
Issue publication date: 15 May 2020
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of culture on the cross-cultural design of the recognition-based graphical password (RBG-P) interface as inferred from Chinese and Saudi subjects’ image selections.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors use a between-group design adopted using two groups of participants from China and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to measure the differences caused by the effects of cultures on graphical password image selections. Three hypotheses have been tested in a four-week long study carried out using two questionnaires and an RBG-P webtool designed for images selection.
Findings
The results have indicated that participants are equally biased not only toward their own culture but also depending on their opinions about other cultures. In addition, when creating the password, it has been observed that culture not only influenced the image selection to create the password but also have an effect on the sequence of the images forming the password.
Research limitations/implications
Appropriately used image selection differences can be used appropriately in cross-cultural designs that will lead to better development of culturally adaptive interfaces that will boost the security posture of RBG-P authentication.
Practical implications
Some RBG-P interfaces that are produced outside the designer’s culture may suffer the effects of cultural differences. Hence, to incorporate culture in the interface, authentication systems within applications should be flexible by designing images that fit the culture in which the software will be used. To this end, access control interface testing should also be carried out in the environmental and cultural context in which it is will be used.
Originality/value
This paper provides useful information for international developers who develop cross-cultural usable secure designs. In such environments, the cross-culturally designs may have significant effects on the acceptability and adoption adaptation of the interface to multi-cultural settings.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or nonprofit sectors. The study, in this paper, is part of a larger research project proposal approved according to Towson University requirements for the ethical conduct of research that involves human participants. The proposal has been reviewed and signed by the Towson University institutional review board chairman with an approval number of 16-A082.
Citation
Mohamed, M., Chakraborty, J. and Pillutla, S. (2020), "Effects of culture on graphical password image selection and design", Journal of Systems and Information Technology, Vol. 22 No. 1, pp. 73-95. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSIT-08-2019-0157
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited