Modelling aileron and spoiler deflections with the linear frequency domain method (LFD) for subsonic flight conditions

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to predict dynamic responses of aileron and spoiler control surfaces in subsonic flight via the use of surrogate models. The prepared reduced order models prove useful when quick estimations for a large number of variations are required.

Design/methodology/approach

The linear frequency domain (LFD) method was used for the simulation study. Each surrogate contained a database of 100 control surface dynamic responses over a spectrum of 200 harmonics computed with LFD. To interpolate new results, the DLR surrogate modelling toolbox, SMARTy, was used. The database’s samples were prepared in a Halton sequence, making interpolation reliable. The surrogate’s parameter space was the Mach number, Reynold’s number, angle of attack, control surface deflection angle and the control surface chord length.

Findings

The LFD method proved effective for the mentioned purpose: the surrogates were accurate, up to 15% of relative error, in reproducing dynamic responses of aileron and spoiler deflections at low speed, within the limitations of flow field linearity, as well as surrogate prediction capability. The restrictions of the surrogate, and the reasoning thereof, are also presented in detail in the study. Future load alleviation studies are a potential of the findings here.

Originality/value

LFD is an innovative technique for load prediction and alleviation studies. This paper provides a reference for engineers wishing to use the method for the two mentioned control surfaces, or the like.

Citation

Govindan, K. and Bier, N. (2023), "Modelling aileron and spoiler deflections with the linear frequency domain method (LFD) for subsonic flight conditions", International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, Vol. 33 No. 4, pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-09-2022-0519