Retraction notice: Numerical investigation of the effect of water/Al2O3 nanofluid on heat transfer in trapezoidal, sinusoidal and stepped microchannels

The publishers of International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow wish to retract the article Jaferian, V., Toghraie, D., Pourfattah, F., Akbari, O.A. and Talebizadehsardari, P. (2020), “Numerical investigation of the effect of water/Al2O3 nanofluid on heat transfer in trapezoidal, sinusoidal and stepped microchannels”, International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 30 No. 5, pp. 2439–2465. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-05-2019-0377.

An internal investigation into a series of submissions has uncovered evidence that the peer review process was compromised. As a result of these concerns, the findings of the article cannot be relied upon. This decision has been taken in accordance with Emerald’s publishing ethics and the COPE guidelines on retractions.

The publishers of the journal sincerely apologize to the readers.

The retracted article is available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-05-2019-0377