Index
Citation
Arditi, D. (2021), "Index", Streaming Culture (Society Now), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 165-174. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83982-768-620210013
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2021 David Arditi. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Acceptance, 126
Adam Sandler’s Happy Madison Productions, 65
Adorno, Theodor, 14–15
Advertisements, 86–87
Advertisers, 87–88
Advertising, 92
ad-supported content, 49–50
Affiliates Program, 137
Album replacement cycle, 42–47
“Alex from Target”, 1–2
Algorithmic song selection, 42
Amazon, 20, 31–32, 36–37, 66, 124, 146–148
Amazon Prime, 5–6, 97
Kindle, 31–32
Ring Doorbell, 29–30
Amiibo, 110
Amoeba Records, 51–52
Angry Birds
, 119
Anti-virus, 130–132
AOL, 4–5
AOL Instant Messenger (AIM), 26–29, 41
Apple, 108–109
Apple Music, 49–51, 128
Apple+, 66
and streaming era, 47–51
Appropriation process, 126–127
Arab Spring, 32–33
Arcade games, 104–105, 114, 118, 136–137
Aspect ratio, 64
Audience commodity, 86–87
Audio Home Recording Act (1992), 48–49
BandCamp, 55–57
Barcodes, 23–25
Barnes, 31–32
Beasts of No Nation
, 65
Beats and streaming era, 47–51
Beats Music, 42, 47–48, 50–51
“Betamax Case”, 83–84
Bezos, Jeff, 31–32
Big data, 23–24
Billboard
, 24
Binary code, 28–29
Binge-watching, 4, 93, 95, 117–118
BitTorrent, 28–29
Black box, 11
Blockbuster, 11, 62
Blogger, 4, 134–135
Blogs, 4, 134–135
Blood, Sugar, Sex, Magik
, 43–44
Books-A-Million, 31–32
Borders, 31–32
Boy Meets World
, 85–86
Brave New World (series), 81–82
Bregoli, Danielle (Bhad Bhabie), 2
Brexit Referendum, 32–33
British Phonographic Industry, 44
Cable, 64, 84–85
Candy Crush (game), 115–116, 119
Capacity, 44–45
Capital, 15
Capitalism, 15, 18, 36–37, 144–145, 147–148
“Cash Me Outside Girl”, 2
“Casual video games”, 115
Catalog recordings, 44
CD-RW, 131
CDs, 35–36, 46
Cellphones, 10
Censorship, 72–74
Circuit of culture, 7–8
Civilization, 103–104, 106
civilization VI, 106, 109
Cloud computing, 10
Coca-Cola, 112–113
Collective effervescence, 67–68, 99
Commercial movie, 62
Commodity
audience, 86–87
connective, 115–116
cultural, 35–36
“Communicative capitalism”, 16–17, 36–37
Computer platforms, 117
“Concept albums”, 44–45
Confirmation bias, 125
“Connective commodity”, 115–116
Consumer Electronics Show, 84
Consumer goods, 16
Consumption
conspicuous, 62
cultures, 12
Content Distribution Network (CDN), 11
Content management systems (CMS), 134–135
Control Tower, 66
Convenience, 44–46
Cookies, 91–92, 134–135
Corporate bookstores, 31–32
Counter-Strike
, 114
COVID-19, 123–124
lockdown, 67–68
social distancing practices, 114–115
“Creator Camp”, 137
“Cultural Studies” approach, 6
Cultural texts, 8–9
Cultural world, 3
Culture, 6, 9–10
circuit of, 7–8
emergent culture, 133–137
residual culture, 132–133
streaming culture, 124–128
Culture Industry, 14–15, 33–36, 43, 69–70
Cyberbullying, 2
Dave Matthews Band, 41
Democratic National Convention, 123–124
Digital
disruption, 61–62
infrastructures, 11
media, 34
networks, 104
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), 69–70
Digital retail. See also Streaming culture
disintermediation, 33–38
disruption, 31–33
distribution, 25, 33, 38
sharing, 26–31
Digital video recorder (DVR), 84
VHS to, 83–86
DirecTV DSL, 36–37
Disintermediation, 33–38
Disney, 86, 88–89
Disney+, 66, 75–76
Disruption, 31–33
Distribution, 33–38
Doc McStuffins
, 88–89
Dominant culture, 8–9, 125
Dominant models, 106–107
Dominant streams, 128–132
Instant Ink, 129–130
software, spyware and anti-virus, 130–132
Download speeds, 41
Downloadable content (DLC), 106
Duck Hunt (game), 103–104
DVD, 76, 131
East coast broadcast network, 85
Electronic Arts (EA), 107–108
Electronic sports (esports), 136
Emergent culture. See also Dominant streams, 126–127, 133, 137
Twitch, 136–137
Vloggers, 134–136
Encoding/decoding popular culture messages, 8–9
End-User License Agreement, 111–112
“Evolution of Dance”, 2–3
Expansion of means of consumption, 16, 43–44, 65, 69–70
External disk drives, 131
Facebook, 29–33
Fair use, 44, 48–49, 83–84
Family Matters
, 85–86
FarmVille, 115–116
Fast capitalism, 16–17, 37
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), 64, 97
Feedback, 135–136
Fidelity, 44–45
File-sharing
platforms, 28–29
service, 41
Film, 63, 69–70
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
independent streaming, 68–72
no more DVD collections, 74–76
Filmmakers, 70–71
Final Fantasy IV
, 112–113
First-sale doctrine, 46
Flat panel televisions, 64
Floppy disks, 103–104, 130
3. 5ʹʹ floppy disk, 131
5. 25ʹʹ floppy disk, 131
“Flow” in television recordings, 85
Folklore
, 108
Fordism, 14–15, 144–145
Forever Young Records, 51–52
Fortnite
, 109–110, 112–113, 116–117
Free music, 48–49
Freemium model, 115–116
Friends
, 89
Full House
, 85–86
Game Developers Conference (2005), 105–106
Game of Thrones
, 4–5
Gaming platforms, 19–20
Gatekeepers, 55, 148
Genius, 3
Get Out (film), 71–72
Gnutella, 28–29
Golden age of television, 95–98
Google, 26–27, 33–34, 69–70, 108–109
Gramophone, 42–43, 104–105
Grey’s Anatomy
, 93
Grokster, 28–29
Guitar Hero
, 117–118
Habitus, 52–53
Hall, Stuart, 8–9
Halo
, 114
Handmaid’s Tale, The
, 94
Hardware, 43
Haul videos, 135–136
HBO, 87–88
HBO Max, 66, 147
Hebdige, Dick, 126–127
Hegemony, 125
High Fidelity
, 51–52
High-definition graphics (HD graphics), 105–106
Hollywood film industry, 65
Home theater, 75
Horkheimer, Max, 14–15
House of Cards
, 98
HowToBasic, 130, 134–135
Hulu, 66, 97, 142–143
Hulu Live, 89–90
Hurricane, 32–33
In-app purchases, 110, 115–116
In-game purchases, 106–107, 109
Independent bookstores, 31–32
Independent film, 66–67, 71–72
Independent streaming, 68–72
Influencer, 135–136
Instagram, 29
Instant Ink, 129–130
Internet, 10, 26–27
utopians, 55
Internet Relay Chat (IRC), 26–29
Internet Service Provider (ISP), 4–5
iTunes, 17, 50–51
“Just in time” production, 25
Kazaa, 28–29
Killing Eve
, 89–90
Labels, 54
LAN parties, 114
LCD flat panel televisions, 64
“Let’s Go Crazy” (song), 69–70
LimeWire, 28–29
Listening in streaming era, 51–55
Live streaming, 136–137
Lord of the Rings
, 62
Loss leaders, 62, 129–130
Madden NFL
, 107–108
Madden NFL 20, 108
Made-for-streaming films, 63
Made-for-TV movies, 65
Magazines, 143–144
Mario Kart
, 114–115
Marvel TV shows, 89–90
Marvelous Mrs. Maisel or Catastrophe
, 94
Masks
, 88–89
Mass culture, 14–15
Massively Multiplayer Online games (MMOs), 116–117
Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG), 108–109, 115, 119
Master of None
, 71–72, 96
Media, 143–144
Medium, 34–35
Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
, 88–89
Microsoft Office 365, 130–131
Microsoft Teams, 123–124
Microsoft Windows, 130
Microsoft Xbox, 19–20, 105–106
“Middlemen”, 34–35
Mimetic games, 117–118
Minecraft video game, 109–110
Modern Family
, 8–9
Motion Pictures Association of America (MPAA), 63, 72–74
Motown, 14–15
Movie rental stores, 62
Mp3. com, 41
Murder Mystery
, 11
Music, 9, 57
album replacement cycle, 42–47
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
copyright, 69–70
listening in streaming era, 51–55
playback systems, 46
streaming, 42–43, 47, 68–69
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
“Music genome” project, 52–53
Musical. ly app, 141–142
Napster, 12–13, 26–29, 31, 41–42, 48–49, 127–128
NBA Live
, 107–108
NBA2K20, 117
NBC, 81–82, 86
Near-field-communication (NFC), 110
Netflix, 5–6, 20, 30–31, 36–37, 61–62, 66, 81, 97, 124, 142–143
of binge watching, 94
CDN, 11
film production company, 72
Friends
, 9
Netscape Navigator, 4–5, 130
Networks, 87–88
New cultural forms, 124
dominant streams, 128–132
emergent culture, 133–137
residual culture, 132–133
streaming culture, 124–128
Newspapers, 143–144
NHL (game), 107–108
Nielsen, 24, 90–91
Nintendo, 105–106, 111–112
Nintendo Switch, 19–20
Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), 103–104
Noble, 31–32
Occupy Wall Street, 32–33
One-way streaming platforms, 72
Online gaming, 104
Online video sharing, 27
Orange Is the New Black
, 98
#OscarsSoWhite, 71–72
Oversharing
, 29
Ozark
, 92, 97
Packages, 23
Pandora, 52–53
Participatory culture, 2–3
PC-based video games, 103–104
Peacock, 81–82
Peer-to-peer file-sharing, 48–49
Periodicals, 143–144
Phonograph, 42–43
“Piracy”, 12–13
Planned obsolescence, 15, 43, 119
Platform mobility, 13
Playlists, 42, 47–48, 53–54
PlayStation, 105–106, 108–109, 114
Point-of-sale systems, 23–25
Political economy of streaming television, 86–92
Popular Culture, 1, 3, 87
Portability, 44–46
Premium cable networks, 87–88
“Prime Video Cinema”, 66–67
Prodigy, 4–5
“Producer-oriented” platforms, 55
Product placement, 87–88, 112–113
Programming through subscriptions, 86–87
Quarterly system business model, 54
Quiet Place, A (film), 67–68
Reality TV, 19
Record labels, 54
Residual culture. See also Emergent culture, 125, 132–133
vinyl record, 132–133
Rock Band
, 117–118
Roku, 68–69
Rolling Stone
, 95
78-rpm record, 45
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Cable, 64, 84–85
Candy Crush (game), 115–116, 119
Capacity, 44–45
Capital, 15
Capitalism, 15, 18, 36–37, 144–145, 147–148
“Cash Me Outside Girl”, 2
“Casual video games”, 115
Catalog recordings, 44
CD-RW, 131
CDs, 35–36, 46
Cellphones, 10
Censorship, 72–74
Circuit of culture, 7–8
Civilization, 103–104, 106
civilization VI, 106, 109
Cloud computing, 10
Coca-Cola, 112–113
Collective effervescence, 67–68, 99
Commercial movie, 62
Commodity
audience, 86–87
connective, 115–116
cultural, 35–36
“Communicative capitalism”, 16–17, 36–37
Computer platforms, 117
“Concept albums”, 44–45
Confirmation bias, 125
“Connective commodity”, 115–116
Consumer Electronics Show, 84
Consumer goods, 16
Consumption
conspicuous, 62
cultures, 12
Content Distribution Network (CDN), 11
Content management systems (CMS), 134–135
Control Tower, 66
Convenience, 44–46
Cookies, 91–92, 134–135
Corporate bookstores, 31–32
Counter-Strike
, 114
COVID-19, 123–124
lockdown, 67–68
social distancing practices, 114–115
“Creator Camp”, 137
“Cultural Studies” approach, 6
Cultural texts, 8–9
Cultural world, 3
Culture, 6, 9–10
circuit of, 7–8
emergent culture, 133–137
residual culture, 132–133
streaming culture, 124–128
Culture Industry, 14–15, 33–36, 43, 69–70
Cyberbullying, 2
Dave Matthews Band, 41
Democratic National Convention, 123–124
Digital
disruption, 61–62
infrastructures, 11
media, 34
networks, 104
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), 69–70
Digital retail. See also Streaming culture
disintermediation, 33–38
disruption, 31–33
distribution, 25, 33, 38
sharing, 26–31
Digital video recorder (DVR), 84
VHS to, 83–86
DirecTV DSL, 36–37
Disintermediation, 33–38
Disney, 86, 88–89
Disney+, 66, 75–76
Disruption, 31–33
Distribution, 33–38
Doc McStuffins
, 88–89
Dominant culture, 8–9, 125
Dominant models, 106–107
Dominant streams, 128–132
Instant Ink, 129–130
software, spyware and anti-virus, 130–132
Download speeds, 41
Downloadable content (DLC), 106
Duck Hunt (game), 103–104
DVD, 76, 131
East coast broadcast network, 85
Electronic Arts (EA), 107–108
Electronic sports (esports), 136
Emergent culture. See also Dominant streams, 126–127, 133, 137
Twitch, 136–137
Vloggers, 134–136
Encoding/decoding popular culture messages, 8–9
End-User License Agreement, 111–112
“Evolution of Dance”, 2–3
Expansion of means of consumption, 16, 43–44, 65, 69–70
External disk drives, 131
Facebook, 29–33
Fair use, 44, 48–49, 83–84
Family Matters
, 85–86
FarmVille, 115–116
Fast capitalism, 16–17, 37
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), 64, 97
Feedback, 135–136
Fidelity, 44–45
File-sharing
platforms, 28–29
service, 41
Film, 63, 69–70
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
independent streaming, 68–72
no more DVD collections, 74–76
Filmmakers, 70–71
Final Fantasy IV
, 112–113
First-sale doctrine, 46
Flat panel televisions, 64
Floppy disks, 103–104, 130
3. 5ʹʹ floppy disk, 131
5. 25ʹʹ floppy disk, 131
“Flow” in television recordings, 85
Folklore
, 108
Fordism, 14–15, 144–145
Forever Young Records, 51–52
Fortnite
, 109–110, 112–113, 116–117
Free music, 48–49
Freemium model, 115–116
Friends
, 89
Full House
, 85–86
Game Developers Conference (2005), 105–106
Game of Thrones
, 4–5
Gaming platforms, 19–20
Gatekeepers, 55, 148
Genius, 3
Get Out (film), 71–72
Gnutella, 28–29
Golden age of television, 95–98
Google, 26–27, 33–34, 69–70, 108–109
Gramophone, 42–43, 104–105
Grey’s Anatomy
, 93
Grokster, 28–29
Guitar Hero
, 117–118
Habitus, 52–53
Hall, Stuart, 8–9
Halo
, 114
Handmaid’s Tale, The
, 94
Hardware, 43
Haul videos, 135–136
HBO, 87–88
HBO Max, 66, 147
Hebdige, Dick, 126–127
Hegemony, 125
High Fidelity
, 51–52
High-definition graphics (HD graphics), 105–106
Hollywood film industry, 65
Home theater, 75
Horkheimer, Max, 14–15
House of Cards
, 98
HowToBasic, 130, 134–135
Hulu, 66, 97, 142–143
Hulu Live, 89–90
Hurricane, 32–33
In-app purchases, 110, 115–116
In-game purchases, 106–107, 109
Independent bookstores, 31–32
Independent film, 66–67, 71–72
Independent streaming, 68–72
Influencer, 135–136
Instagram, 29
Instant Ink, 129–130
Internet, 10, 26–27
utopians, 55
Internet Relay Chat (IRC), 26–29
Internet Service Provider (ISP), 4–5
iTunes, 17, 50–51
“Just in time” production, 25
Kazaa, 28–29
Killing Eve
, 89–90
Labels, 54
LAN parties, 114
LCD flat panel televisions, 64
“Let’s Go Crazy” (song), 69–70
LimeWire, 28–29
Listening in streaming era, 51–55
Live streaming, 136–137
Lord of the Rings
, 62
Loss leaders, 62, 129–130
Madden NFL
, 107–108
Madden NFL 20, 108
Made-for-streaming films, 63
Made-for-TV movies, 65
Magazines, 143–144
Mario Kart
, 114–115
Marvel TV shows, 89–90
Marvelous Mrs. Maisel or Catastrophe
, 94
Masks
, 88–89
Mass culture, 14–15
Massively Multiplayer Online games (MMOs), 116–117
Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG), 108–109, 115, 119
Master of None
, 71–72, 96
Media, 143–144
Medium, 34–35
Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
, 88–89
Microsoft Office 365, 130–131
Microsoft Teams, 123–124
Microsoft Windows, 130
Microsoft Xbox, 19–20, 105–106
“Middlemen”, 34–35
Mimetic games, 117–118
Minecraft video game, 109–110
Modern Family
, 8–9
Motion Pictures Association of America (MPAA), 63, 72–74
Motown, 14–15
Movie rental stores, 62
Mp3. com, 41
Murder Mystery
, 11
Music, 9, 57
album replacement cycle, 42–47
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
copyright, 69–70
listening in streaming era, 51–55
playback systems, 46
streaming, 42–43, 47, 68–69
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
“Music genome” project, 52–53
Musical. ly app, 141–142
Napster, 12–13, 26–29, 31, 41–42, 48–49, 127–128
NBA Live
, 107–108
NBA2K20, 117
NBC, 81–82, 86
Near-field-communication (NFC), 110
Netflix, 5–6, 20, 30–31, 36–37, 61–62, 66, 81, 97, 124, 142–143
of binge watching, 94
CDN, 11
film production company, 72
Friends
, 9
Netscape Navigator, 4–5, 130
Networks, 87–88
New cultural forms, 124
dominant streams, 128–132
emergent culture, 133–137
residual culture, 132–133
streaming culture, 124–128
Newspapers, 143–144
NHL (game), 107–108
Nielsen, 24, 90–91
Nintendo, 105–106, 111–112
Nintendo Switch, 19–20
Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), 103–104
Noble, 31–32
Occupy Wall Street, 32–33
One-way streaming platforms, 72
Online gaming, 104
Online video sharing, 27
Orange Is the New Black
, 98
#OscarsSoWhite, 71–72
Oversharing
, 29
Ozark
, 92, 97
Packages, 23
Pandora, 52–53
Participatory culture, 2–3
PC-based video games, 103–104
Peacock, 81–82
Peer-to-peer file-sharing, 48–49
Periodicals, 143–144
Phonograph, 42–43
“Piracy”, 12–13
Planned obsolescence, 15, 43, 119
Platform mobility, 13
Playlists, 42, 47–48, 53–54
PlayStation, 105–106, 108–109, 114
Point-of-sale systems, 23–25
Political economy of streaming television, 86–92
Popular Culture, 1, 3, 87
Portability, 44–46
Premium cable networks, 87–88
“Prime Video Cinema”, 66–67
Prodigy, 4–5
“Producer-oriented” platforms, 55
Product placement, 87–88, 112–113
Programming through subscriptions, 86–87
Quarterly system business model, 54
Quiet Place, A (film), 67–68
Reality TV, 19
Record labels, 54
Residual culture. See also Emergent culture, 125, 132–133
vinyl record, 132–133
Rock Band
, 117–118
Roku, 68–69
Rolling Stone
, 95
78-rpm record, 45
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
East coast broadcast network, 85
Electronic Arts (EA), 107–108
Electronic sports (esports), 136
Emergent culture. See also Dominant streams, 126–127, 133, 137
Twitch, 136–137
Vloggers, 134–136
Encoding/decoding popular culture messages, 8–9
End-User License Agreement, 111–112
“Evolution of Dance”, 2–3
Expansion of means of consumption, 16, 43–44, 65, 69–70
External disk drives, 131
Facebook, 29–33
Fair use, 44, 48–49, 83–84
Family Matters
, 85–86
FarmVille, 115–116
Fast capitalism, 16–17, 37
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), 64, 97
Feedback, 135–136
Fidelity, 44–45
File-sharing
platforms, 28–29
service, 41
Film, 63, 69–70
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
independent streaming, 68–72
no more DVD collections, 74–76
Filmmakers, 70–71
Final Fantasy IV
, 112–113
First-sale doctrine, 46
Flat panel televisions, 64
Floppy disks, 103–104, 130
3. 5ʹʹ floppy disk, 131
5. 25ʹʹ floppy disk, 131
“Flow” in television recordings, 85
Folklore
, 108
Fordism, 14–15, 144–145
Forever Young Records, 51–52
Fortnite
, 109–110, 112–113, 116–117
Free music, 48–49
Freemium model, 115–116
Friends
, 89
Full House
, 85–86
Game Developers Conference (2005), 105–106
Game of Thrones
, 4–5
Gaming platforms, 19–20
Gatekeepers, 55, 148
Genius, 3
Get Out (film), 71–72
Gnutella, 28–29
Golden age of television, 95–98
Google, 26–27, 33–34, 69–70, 108–109
Gramophone, 42–43, 104–105
Grey’s Anatomy
, 93
Grokster, 28–29
Guitar Hero
, 117–118
Habitus, 52–53
Hall, Stuart, 8–9
Halo
, 114
Handmaid’s Tale, The
, 94
Hardware, 43
Haul videos, 135–136
HBO, 87–88
HBO Max, 66, 147
Hebdige, Dick, 126–127
Hegemony, 125
High Fidelity
, 51–52
High-definition graphics (HD graphics), 105–106
Hollywood film industry, 65
Home theater, 75
Horkheimer, Max, 14–15
House of Cards
, 98
HowToBasic, 130, 134–135
Hulu, 66, 97, 142–143
Hulu Live, 89–90
Hurricane, 32–33
In-app purchases, 110, 115–116
In-game purchases, 106–107, 109
Independent bookstores, 31–32
Independent film, 66–67, 71–72
Independent streaming, 68–72
Influencer, 135–136
Instagram, 29
Instant Ink, 129–130
Internet, 10, 26–27
utopians, 55
Internet Relay Chat (IRC), 26–29
Internet Service Provider (ISP), 4–5
iTunes, 17, 50–51
“Just in time” production, 25
Kazaa, 28–29
Killing Eve
, 89–90
Labels, 54
LAN parties, 114
LCD flat panel televisions, 64
“Let’s Go Crazy” (song), 69–70
LimeWire, 28–29
Listening in streaming era, 51–55
Live streaming, 136–137
Lord of the Rings
, 62
Loss leaders, 62, 129–130
Madden NFL
, 107–108
Madden NFL 20, 108
Made-for-streaming films, 63
Made-for-TV movies, 65
Magazines, 143–144
Mario Kart
, 114–115
Marvel TV shows, 89–90
Marvelous Mrs. Maisel or Catastrophe
, 94
Masks
, 88–89
Mass culture, 14–15
Massively Multiplayer Online games (MMOs), 116–117
Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG), 108–109, 115, 119
Master of None
, 71–72, 96
Media, 143–144
Medium, 34–35
Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
, 88–89
Microsoft Office 365, 130–131
Microsoft Teams, 123–124
Microsoft Windows, 130
Microsoft Xbox, 19–20, 105–106
“Middlemen”, 34–35
Mimetic games, 117–118
Minecraft video game, 109–110
Modern Family
, 8–9
Motion Pictures Association of America (MPAA), 63, 72–74
Motown, 14–15
Movie rental stores, 62
Mp3. com, 41
Murder Mystery
, 11
Music, 9, 57
album replacement cycle, 42–47
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
copyright, 69–70
listening in streaming era, 51–55
playback systems, 46
streaming, 42–43, 47, 68–69
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
“Music genome” project, 52–53
Musical. ly app, 141–142
Napster, 12–13, 26–29, 31, 41–42, 48–49, 127–128
NBA Live
, 107–108
NBA2K20, 117
NBC, 81–82, 86
Near-field-communication (NFC), 110
Netflix, 5–6, 20, 30–31, 36–37, 61–62, 66, 81, 97, 124, 142–143
of binge watching, 94
CDN, 11
film production company, 72
Friends
, 9
Netscape Navigator, 4–5, 130
Networks, 87–88
New cultural forms, 124
dominant streams, 128–132
emergent culture, 133–137
residual culture, 132–133
streaming culture, 124–128
Newspapers, 143–144
NHL (game), 107–108
Nielsen, 24, 90–91
Nintendo, 105–106, 111–112
Nintendo Switch, 19–20
Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), 103–104
Noble, 31–32
Occupy Wall Street, 32–33
One-way streaming platforms, 72
Online gaming, 104
Online video sharing, 27
Orange Is the New Black
, 98
#OscarsSoWhite, 71–72
Oversharing
, 29
Ozark
, 92, 97
Packages, 23
Pandora, 52–53
Participatory culture, 2–3
PC-based video games, 103–104
Peacock, 81–82
Peer-to-peer file-sharing, 48–49
Periodicals, 143–144
Phonograph, 42–43
“Piracy”, 12–13
Planned obsolescence, 15, 43, 119
Platform mobility, 13
Playlists, 42, 47–48, 53–54
PlayStation, 105–106, 108–109, 114
Point-of-sale systems, 23–25
Political economy of streaming television, 86–92
Popular Culture, 1, 3, 87
Portability, 44–46
Premium cable networks, 87–88
“Prime Video Cinema”, 66–67
Prodigy, 4–5
“Producer-oriented” platforms, 55
Product placement, 87–88, 112–113
Programming through subscriptions, 86–87
Quarterly system business model, 54
Quiet Place, A (film), 67–68
Reality TV, 19
Record labels, 54
Residual culture. See also Emergent culture, 125, 132–133
vinyl record, 132–133
Rock Band
, 117–118
Roku, 68–69
Rolling Stone
, 95
78-rpm record, 45
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Game Developers Conference (2005), 105–106
Game of Thrones
, 4–5
Gaming platforms, 19–20
Gatekeepers, 55, 148
Genius, 3
Get Out (film), 71–72
Gnutella, 28–29
Golden age of television, 95–98
Google, 26–27, 33–34, 69–70, 108–109
Gramophone, 42–43, 104–105
Grey’s Anatomy
, 93
Grokster, 28–29
Guitar Hero
, 117–118
Habitus, 52–53
Hall, Stuart, 8–9
Halo
, 114
Handmaid’s Tale, The
, 94
Hardware, 43
Haul videos, 135–136
HBO, 87–88
HBO Max, 66, 147
Hebdige, Dick, 126–127
Hegemony, 125
High Fidelity
, 51–52
High-definition graphics (HD graphics), 105–106
Hollywood film industry, 65
Home theater, 75
Horkheimer, Max, 14–15
House of Cards
, 98
HowToBasic, 130, 134–135
Hulu, 66, 97, 142–143
Hulu Live, 89–90
Hurricane, 32–33
In-app purchases, 110, 115–116
In-game purchases, 106–107, 109
Independent bookstores, 31–32
Independent film, 66–67, 71–72
Independent streaming, 68–72
Influencer, 135–136
Instagram, 29
Instant Ink, 129–130
Internet, 10, 26–27
utopians, 55
Internet Relay Chat (IRC), 26–29
Internet Service Provider (ISP), 4–5
iTunes, 17, 50–51
“Just in time” production, 25
Kazaa, 28–29
Killing Eve
, 89–90
Labels, 54
LAN parties, 114
LCD flat panel televisions, 64
“Let’s Go Crazy” (song), 69–70
LimeWire, 28–29
Listening in streaming era, 51–55
Live streaming, 136–137
Lord of the Rings
, 62
Loss leaders, 62, 129–130
Madden NFL
, 107–108
Madden NFL 20, 108
Made-for-streaming films, 63
Made-for-TV movies, 65
Magazines, 143–144
Mario Kart
, 114–115
Marvel TV shows, 89–90
Marvelous Mrs. Maisel or Catastrophe
, 94
Masks
, 88–89
Mass culture, 14–15
Massively Multiplayer Online games (MMOs), 116–117
Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG), 108–109, 115, 119
Master of None
, 71–72, 96
Media, 143–144
Medium, 34–35
Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
, 88–89
Microsoft Office 365, 130–131
Microsoft Teams, 123–124
Microsoft Windows, 130
Microsoft Xbox, 19–20, 105–106
“Middlemen”, 34–35
Mimetic games, 117–118
Minecraft video game, 109–110
Modern Family
, 8–9
Motion Pictures Association of America (MPAA), 63, 72–74
Motown, 14–15
Movie rental stores, 62
Mp3. com, 41
Murder Mystery
, 11
Music, 9, 57
album replacement cycle, 42–47
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
copyright, 69–70
listening in streaming era, 51–55
playback systems, 46
streaming, 42–43, 47, 68–69
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
“Music genome” project, 52–53
Musical. ly app, 141–142
Napster, 12–13, 26–29, 31, 41–42, 48–49, 127–128
NBA Live
, 107–108
NBA2K20, 117
NBC, 81–82, 86
Near-field-communication (NFC), 110
Netflix, 5–6, 20, 30–31, 36–37, 61–62, 66, 81, 97, 124, 142–143
of binge watching, 94
CDN, 11
film production company, 72
Friends
, 9
Netscape Navigator, 4–5, 130
Networks, 87–88
New cultural forms, 124
dominant streams, 128–132
emergent culture, 133–137
residual culture, 132–133
streaming culture, 124–128
Newspapers, 143–144
NHL (game), 107–108
Nielsen, 24, 90–91
Nintendo, 105–106, 111–112
Nintendo Switch, 19–20
Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), 103–104
Noble, 31–32
Occupy Wall Street, 32–33
One-way streaming platforms, 72
Online gaming, 104
Online video sharing, 27
Orange Is the New Black
, 98
#OscarsSoWhite, 71–72
Oversharing
, 29
Ozark
, 92, 97
Packages, 23
Pandora, 52–53
Participatory culture, 2–3
PC-based video games, 103–104
Peacock, 81–82
Peer-to-peer file-sharing, 48–49
Periodicals, 143–144
Phonograph, 42–43
“Piracy”, 12–13
Planned obsolescence, 15, 43, 119
Platform mobility, 13
Playlists, 42, 47–48, 53–54
PlayStation, 105–106, 108–109, 114
Point-of-sale systems, 23–25
Political economy of streaming television, 86–92
Popular Culture, 1, 3, 87
Portability, 44–46
Premium cable networks, 87–88
“Prime Video Cinema”, 66–67
Prodigy, 4–5
“Producer-oriented” platforms, 55
Product placement, 87–88, 112–113
Programming through subscriptions, 86–87
Quarterly system business model, 54
Quiet Place, A (film), 67–68
Reality TV, 19
Record labels, 54
Residual culture. See also Emergent culture, 125, 132–133
vinyl record, 132–133
Rock Band
, 117–118
Roku, 68–69
Rolling Stone
, 95
78-rpm record, 45
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
In-app purchases, 110, 115–116
In-game purchases, 106–107, 109
Independent bookstores, 31–32
Independent film, 66–67, 71–72
Independent streaming, 68–72
Influencer, 135–136
Instagram, 29
Instant Ink, 129–130
Internet, 10, 26–27
utopians, 55
Internet Relay Chat (IRC), 26–29
Internet Service Provider (ISP), 4–5
iTunes, 17, 50–51
“Just in time” production, 25
Kazaa, 28–29
Killing Eve
, 89–90
Labels, 54
LAN parties, 114
LCD flat panel televisions, 64
“Let’s Go Crazy” (song), 69–70
LimeWire, 28–29
Listening in streaming era, 51–55
Live streaming, 136–137
Lord of the Rings
, 62
Loss leaders, 62, 129–130
Madden NFL
, 107–108
Madden NFL 20, 108
Made-for-streaming films, 63
Made-for-TV movies, 65
Magazines, 143–144
Mario Kart
, 114–115
Marvel TV shows, 89–90
Marvelous Mrs. Maisel or Catastrophe
, 94
Masks
, 88–89
Mass culture, 14–15
Massively Multiplayer Online games (MMOs), 116–117
Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG), 108–109, 115, 119
Master of None
, 71–72, 96
Media, 143–144
Medium, 34–35
Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
, 88–89
Microsoft Office 365, 130–131
Microsoft Teams, 123–124
Microsoft Windows, 130
Microsoft Xbox, 19–20, 105–106
“Middlemen”, 34–35
Mimetic games, 117–118
Minecraft video game, 109–110
Modern Family
, 8–9
Motion Pictures Association of America (MPAA), 63, 72–74
Motown, 14–15
Movie rental stores, 62
Mp3. com, 41
Murder Mystery
, 11
Music, 9, 57
album replacement cycle, 42–47
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
copyright, 69–70
listening in streaming era, 51–55
playback systems, 46
streaming, 42–43, 47, 68–69
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
“Music genome” project, 52–53
Musical. ly app, 141–142
Napster, 12–13, 26–29, 31, 41–42, 48–49, 127–128
NBA Live
, 107–108
NBA2K20, 117
NBC, 81–82, 86
Near-field-communication (NFC), 110
Netflix, 5–6, 20, 30–31, 36–37, 61–62, 66, 81, 97, 124, 142–143
of binge watching, 94
CDN, 11
film production company, 72
Friends
, 9
Netscape Navigator, 4–5, 130
Networks, 87–88
New cultural forms, 124
dominant streams, 128–132
emergent culture, 133–137
residual culture, 132–133
streaming culture, 124–128
Newspapers, 143–144
NHL (game), 107–108
Nielsen, 24, 90–91
Nintendo, 105–106, 111–112
Nintendo Switch, 19–20
Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), 103–104
Noble, 31–32
Occupy Wall Street, 32–33
One-way streaming platforms, 72
Online gaming, 104
Online video sharing, 27
Orange Is the New Black
, 98
#OscarsSoWhite, 71–72
Oversharing
, 29
Ozark
, 92, 97
Packages, 23
Pandora, 52–53
Participatory culture, 2–3
PC-based video games, 103–104
Peacock, 81–82
Peer-to-peer file-sharing, 48–49
Periodicals, 143–144
Phonograph, 42–43
“Piracy”, 12–13
Planned obsolescence, 15, 43, 119
Platform mobility, 13
Playlists, 42, 47–48, 53–54
PlayStation, 105–106, 108–109, 114
Point-of-sale systems, 23–25
Political economy of streaming television, 86–92
Popular Culture, 1, 3, 87
Portability, 44–46
Premium cable networks, 87–88
“Prime Video Cinema”, 66–67
Prodigy, 4–5
“Producer-oriented” platforms, 55
Product placement, 87–88, 112–113
Programming through subscriptions, 86–87
Quarterly system business model, 54
Quiet Place, A (film), 67–68
Reality TV, 19
Record labels, 54
Residual culture. See also Emergent culture, 125, 132–133
vinyl record, 132–133
Rock Band
, 117–118
Roku, 68–69
Rolling Stone
, 95
78-rpm record, 45
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Kazaa, 28–29
Killing Eve
, 89–90
Labels, 54
LAN parties, 114
LCD flat panel televisions, 64
“Let’s Go Crazy” (song), 69–70
LimeWire, 28–29
Listening in streaming era, 51–55
Live streaming, 136–137
Lord of the Rings
, 62
Loss leaders, 62, 129–130
Madden NFL
, 107–108
Madden NFL 20, 108
Made-for-streaming films, 63
Made-for-TV movies, 65
Magazines, 143–144
Mario Kart
, 114–115
Marvel TV shows, 89–90
Marvelous Mrs. Maisel or Catastrophe
, 94
Masks
, 88–89
Mass culture, 14–15
Massively Multiplayer Online games (MMOs), 116–117
Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG), 108–109, 115, 119
Master of None
, 71–72, 96
Media, 143–144
Medium, 34–35
Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
, 88–89
Microsoft Office 365, 130–131
Microsoft Teams, 123–124
Microsoft Windows, 130
Microsoft Xbox, 19–20, 105–106
“Middlemen”, 34–35
Mimetic games, 117–118
Minecraft video game, 109–110
Modern Family
, 8–9
Motion Pictures Association of America (MPAA), 63, 72–74
Motown, 14–15
Movie rental stores, 62
Mp3. com, 41
Murder Mystery
, 11
Music, 9, 57
album replacement cycle, 42–47
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
copyright, 69–70
listening in streaming era, 51–55
playback systems, 46
streaming, 42–43, 47, 68–69
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
“Music genome” project, 52–53
Musical. ly app, 141–142
Napster, 12–13, 26–29, 31, 41–42, 48–49, 127–128
NBA Live
, 107–108
NBA2K20, 117
NBC, 81–82, 86
Near-field-communication (NFC), 110
Netflix, 5–6, 20, 30–31, 36–37, 61–62, 66, 81, 97, 124, 142–143
of binge watching, 94
CDN, 11
film production company, 72
Friends
, 9
Netscape Navigator, 4–5, 130
Networks, 87–88
New cultural forms, 124
dominant streams, 128–132
emergent culture, 133–137
residual culture, 132–133
streaming culture, 124–128
Newspapers, 143–144
NHL (game), 107–108
Nielsen, 24, 90–91
Nintendo, 105–106, 111–112
Nintendo Switch, 19–20
Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), 103–104
Noble, 31–32
Occupy Wall Street, 32–33
One-way streaming platforms, 72
Online gaming, 104
Online video sharing, 27
Orange Is the New Black
, 98
#OscarsSoWhite, 71–72
Oversharing
, 29
Ozark
, 92, 97
Packages, 23
Pandora, 52–53
Participatory culture, 2–3
PC-based video games, 103–104
Peacock, 81–82
Peer-to-peer file-sharing, 48–49
Periodicals, 143–144
Phonograph, 42–43
“Piracy”, 12–13
Planned obsolescence, 15, 43, 119
Platform mobility, 13
Playlists, 42, 47–48, 53–54
PlayStation, 105–106, 108–109, 114
Point-of-sale systems, 23–25
Political economy of streaming television, 86–92
Popular Culture, 1, 3, 87
Portability, 44–46
Premium cable networks, 87–88
“Prime Video Cinema”, 66–67
Prodigy, 4–5
“Producer-oriented” platforms, 55
Product placement, 87–88, 112–113
Programming through subscriptions, 86–87
Quarterly system business model, 54
Quiet Place, A (film), 67–68
Reality TV, 19
Record labels, 54
Residual culture. See also Emergent culture, 125, 132–133
vinyl record, 132–133
Rock Band
, 117–118
Roku, 68–69
Rolling Stone
, 95
78-rpm record, 45
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Madden NFL
, 107–108
Madden NFL 20, 108
Made-for-streaming films, 63
Made-for-TV movies, 65
Magazines, 143–144
Mario Kart
, 114–115
Marvel TV shows, 89–90
Marvelous Mrs. Maisel or Catastrophe
, 94
Masks
, 88–89
Mass culture, 14–15
Massively Multiplayer Online games (MMOs), 116–117
Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG), 108–109, 115, 119
Master of None
, 71–72, 96
Media, 143–144
Medium, 34–35
Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
, 88–89
Microsoft Office 365, 130–131
Microsoft Teams, 123–124
Microsoft Windows, 130
Microsoft Xbox, 19–20, 105–106
“Middlemen”, 34–35
Mimetic games, 117–118
Minecraft video game, 109–110
Modern Family
, 8–9
Motion Pictures Association of America (MPAA), 63, 72–74
Motown, 14–15
Movie rental stores, 62
Mp3. com, 41
Murder Mystery
, 11
Music, 9, 57
album replacement cycle, 42–47
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
copyright, 69–70
listening in streaming era, 51–55
playback systems, 46
streaming, 42–43, 47, 68–69
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
“Music genome” project, 52–53
Musical. ly app, 141–142
Napster, 12–13, 26–29, 31, 41–42, 48–49, 127–128
NBA Live
, 107–108
NBA2K20, 117
NBC, 81–82, 86
Near-field-communication (NFC), 110
Netflix, 5–6, 20, 30–31, 36–37, 61–62, 66, 81, 97, 124, 142–143
of binge watching, 94
CDN, 11
film production company, 72
Friends
, 9
Netscape Navigator, 4–5, 130
Networks, 87–88
New cultural forms, 124
dominant streams, 128–132
emergent culture, 133–137
residual culture, 132–133
streaming culture, 124–128
Newspapers, 143–144
NHL (game), 107–108
Nielsen, 24, 90–91
Nintendo, 105–106, 111–112
Nintendo Switch, 19–20
Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), 103–104
Noble, 31–32
Occupy Wall Street, 32–33
One-way streaming platforms, 72
Online gaming, 104
Online video sharing, 27
Orange Is the New Black
, 98
#OscarsSoWhite, 71–72
Oversharing
, 29
Ozark
, 92, 97
Packages, 23
Pandora, 52–53
Participatory culture, 2–3
PC-based video games, 103–104
Peacock, 81–82
Peer-to-peer file-sharing, 48–49
Periodicals, 143–144
Phonograph, 42–43
“Piracy”, 12–13
Planned obsolescence, 15, 43, 119
Platform mobility, 13
Playlists, 42, 47–48, 53–54
PlayStation, 105–106, 108–109, 114
Point-of-sale systems, 23–25
Political economy of streaming television, 86–92
Popular Culture, 1, 3, 87
Portability, 44–46
Premium cable networks, 87–88
“Prime Video Cinema”, 66–67
Prodigy, 4–5
“Producer-oriented” platforms, 55
Product placement, 87–88, 112–113
Programming through subscriptions, 86–87
Quarterly system business model, 54
Quiet Place, A (film), 67–68
Reality TV, 19
Record labels, 54
Residual culture. See also Emergent culture, 125, 132–133
vinyl record, 132–133
Rock Band
, 117–118
Roku, 68–69
Rolling Stone
, 95
78-rpm record, 45
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Occupy Wall Street, 32–33
One-way streaming platforms, 72
Online gaming, 104
Online video sharing, 27
Orange Is the New Black
, 98
#OscarsSoWhite, 71–72
Oversharing
, 29
Ozark
, 92, 97
Packages, 23
Pandora, 52–53
Participatory culture, 2–3
PC-based video games, 103–104
Peacock, 81–82
Peer-to-peer file-sharing, 48–49
Periodicals, 143–144
Phonograph, 42–43
“Piracy”, 12–13
Planned obsolescence, 15, 43, 119
Platform mobility, 13
Playlists, 42, 47–48, 53–54
PlayStation, 105–106, 108–109, 114
Point-of-sale systems, 23–25
Political economy of streaming television, 86–92
Popular Culture, 1, 3, 87
Portability, 44–46
Premium cable networks, 87–88
“Prime Video Cinema”, 66–67
Prodigy, 4–5
“Producer-oriented” platforms, 55
Product placement, 87–88, 112–113
Programming through subscriptions, 86–87
Quarterly system business model, 54
Quiet Place, A (film), 67–68
Reality TV, 19
Record labels, 54
Residual culture. See also Emergent culture, 125, 132–133
vinyl record, 132–133
Rock Band
, 117–118
Roku, 68–69
Rolling Stone
, 95
78-rpm record, 45
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Quarterly system business model, 54
Quiet Place, A (film), 67–68
Reality TV, 19
Record labels, 54
Residual culture. See also Emergent culture, 125, 132–133
vinyl record, 132–133
Rock Band
, 117–118
Roku, 68–69
Rolling Stone
, 95
78-rpm record, 45
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Sabrina the Teenage Witch
, 85–86
Second Life
, 116–117
Sega Genesis emulator, 75
Serial, television, 94
Series
Brave New World
, 81–82
Serial TV, 94
televisions, 94
Weeds
, 87–88
Sharing on Internet, 26–31
Shifting capitalism, 14–17
Short Circuit
, 71–72
Showtime, 87–88
Snapchat, 2
Social distancing, 67–68
Social networking websites, 29
Software, 9, 130, 132
anti-virus, 130–132
computer applications, 131
software as content, 134
spyware, 130–132
Sony PlayStation, 105–106
Sony Walkman, 46
SoundCloud, 55
Sped-up surveillance capitalism, 16–17
Spotify, 2, 12–13, 20, 36–37, 47–48, 55, 124, 142–143
and streaming era, 47–51
Spyware, 130–132
“St. Frances”, 66–67
Star Wars
, 75–76
Star Wars: The Old Republic
, 108–109
“Stereos”, 45
Stolen Child, The
, 65
Streaming, 5–6, 9, 11, 25, 145, 147
album replacement cycle, 42–47
apps, 94
Beats, Spotify, Apple and streaming era, 47–51
binge-watching, 93–95
censorship, 72–74
changing film experience, 63–68
changing video game commodity, 104–113
cultural practice of, 13
film, 63
in future, 147–149
golden age of television, 95–98
independent streaming, 68–72
interrupted television flow, 86
listening in streaming era, 51–55
music, 42–43, 47
no more DVD collections, 74–76
platforms, 33–34, 37–38, 73–74
political economy of, 86–92
services, 30–31, 86–87
technology, 17, 123–124
TV, 81
user-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
VHS to DVR, 83–86
video game streaming culture, 113–119
Streaming culture. See also Digital retail; Dominant Streams, 1–2, 12, 17, 57, 72, 124, 128, 142–143
interactions with cultural texts, 12–14
shifting capitalism, 14–17
“Streaming wars”, 66, 81–82
Subscription(s), 106–107, 130–131, 143, 145
model, 61–62
services, 36–37
Super Bernie World
, 117
Super Mario Bros
, 109
Super Mario Brothers (game), 103–104
Super Mario Odyssey
, 118
Super Mario World
, 103–104
Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), 103–104
Super Play Action Football
, 103–104
Super Wings
, 92
Surveillance of gamers, 106–107
Symbols, 6
Tape cassettes, 45
Taylorism. See Fordism
Technological determinism, 142
Technological obsolescence, 43–44
Technology, 7–8
Televisions (TV), 64, 69–70
apps, 94
binge-watching, 93, 95, 117–118
broadcasters, 64
flat panel, 64
golden age of, 95–98
political economy of, 86–92
programming, 85–86
screen dimensions, 62
series, 94
streaming, 81
tube, 64
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Tetris (puzzle game), 103–104
Thank God Its Friday (TGIF), 85–86
The Legend of Zelda (action-adventure game), 103–104
Theory of emergent culture, 20, 124
Things Fall Apart (album), 52
Third parties, 29–30
This Film Is Not Yet Rated
, 72
Tiger King
, 147
TikTok, 2, 13, 25, 141–143
Time-shifting, 83–84, 86
Tin Pan Alley, 14–15
“Traditional” values, 8–9
Tube televisions, 64
Twitch, 20, 120, 124, 136–137
Twitter, 29, 32–33, 71–72
revolutions, 142
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Unending consumption, 14–18, 30–31, 50, 61–62, 89–90, 113, 117–118, 143, 145
Universal Product Code (UPC), 23–24
User-generated music streaming platforms, 55–57
Utopians, 31, 34, 55
Vampirina
, 88–89
VHS to DVR, 83–86
Video cassette recorder (VCR), 75, 83–84
Video games, 9, 19–20, 104
changing video game commodity, 104–113
streaming, 104, 110–111
streaming culture, 113–119
Video on demand (VOD), 84–85
Videos, 9
Vimeo, 63, 70
Vinyl, 132–133
Vlog, 135–136
Vloggers, 2–3, 20, 124, 134, 136
Vlogging, 134–135
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Walking Dead, The
, 89–90
Weeds (Showtime series), 87–88
Westeros, 5
Wii, 75
Wiki. See Wikipedia
WikiHow, 3
Wikipedia, 3
Williams, Raymond, 7, 20, 85, 124
WordPerfect, 130
Wordpress, 4, 134–135
World of Warcraft (WoW), 108–109, 116–117, 143
World Wide Web, 26, 55
Xbox, 105–107, 114
Xbox 360, 75, 118
Xbox Game Pass Ultimate, 107
Xbox Live, 114, 128
Xbox Live Gold, 107
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
Yahoo, 4–5
YouTube, 1–3, 5–6, 27, 33–37, 69–70, 134
YouTube Music Premium, 134
YouTube TV, 134
Zoom, 114–115
for virtual schooling, 123–124
- Prelims
- 1 Introduction: Caught in the Stream
- 2 Digital Retail: Disruption, Distribution, and Disintermediation
- 3 Streaming Music: Unending Consumption Begins
- 4 Streaming Film: Simultaneous Release, Circumventing Censorship, and Indies
- 5 Streaming TV: The Golden Age of TV and Flow Interrupted
- 6 Streaming Video Games: Never Own a Game Again
- 7 New Cultural Forms: Dominant, Residual, and Emergent
- 8 Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Index