Acculturation lag

, 56

Advanced cities

, 74

Agglomeration

, 73

Assisted returnee entrepreneurs

, 152

Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration (AVRR)

, 152, 156

Assisted Voluntary Return program (AVR program)

, 156

Asylum, Migration, and Integration Fund (AMIF)

, 157

Brain waste

, 77

Business support initiatives

, 183

Class resources

, 56

Context-level

antecedents

, 23, 29

outcomes

, 23, 30

processes

, 23, 29–30

Cultural attributes

, 78–79

Decision-making

, 61

Decreto Crescita 2. 0. See Law Decree 179/2012

Entrepreneurial

dynamics in cities

, 73–74

internationalization

, 116–117

opportunities

, 71

Entrepreneurial ecosystems

, 77–79

contextualizing migrant entrepreneurship

, 79–103

migrant entrepreneurship in cities

, 72–79, 93–98

policy implications

, 101–103

theoretical implications and future research opportunities

, 98–101

Entrepreneurs

, 5, 116–117

country of origin and nationality

, 148–149

Entrepreneurship

, 4, 184

by assisted return migrants

, 154–156

scholarship

, 71

studies

, 152

variation across regions

, 72–74

Environmental contingencies and constraints

, 61

Ethnic exceptionalism

, 56–58

Ethnic resources

, 56–57

Ethnographic method

, 182

European Digital City Index (EDCI)

, 95

Expressive entrepreneurship

, 25

Fast-track entry procedure

, 101–102

Firm-level

antecedents

, 22, 27

outcomes

, 23, 28–29

processes

, 22, 27–28

Firm-level resources for migrant entrepreneurs

identifying new research avenues

, 61–63

individual and firm resources for migrant entrepreneurship

, 56–58

theoretical concepts

, 63–65

theories from management studies

, 58–61

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

, 88–89, 93

Human capital

, 75

Human mobility

, 96

Human resource management (HR management)

, 28

Immigrants

, 1–4

Individual and firm resources for migrant entrepreneurship

, 56–58

Individual level

antecedents

, 17–19, 24–25

outcomes

, 22, 26–27

processes

, 19–22, 25–26

Innovation

, 59

Innovative policy solutions

, 184

Innovative SMEs

, 92–93, 114

Innovative start-ups

, 82–93, 112

Intention(s)

, 118

intention-behavior relationship

, 118–120

internationalization

, 123

Interactive model

, 57

International entrepreneurship

, 116–117

International Organization for Migration (IOM)

, 156

Internationalization

behaviors

, 124, 132–138

cognitive antecedents

, 120

data collection

, 123

intentions

, 129–132, 134–138

measurement

, 123–124

method

, 124–127

of migrants’ ventures

, 32

patterns of migrant and non-migrant entrepreneurs

, 115

research design

, 121–127

sample description

, 127–129

sample selection and attrition

, 121–122

theoretical background

, 117–120

Involuntary returnees

, 151–152

Italia Startup Visa program (ISV program)

, 89–92, 112–113

Italian industrial districts

, 99

Italian labor market

, 3–4

Knowledge

knowledge-based entrepreneurial opportunities

, 77–78

spillover theory of entrepreneurship

, 72–73

variation across regions

, 72–74

Labor market integration for immigrants

, 2

Law Decree 179/2012

, 82

Local authorities

, 96

Local entrepreneurial ecosystem

, 100–101

Localization economies

, 73–74

Macro levels of analysis

, 180

Management scholars

, 179–180

Material attributes

, 78–79

Meso levels of analysis

, 180

Micro levels of analysis

, 180

Migrant entrepreneurs

, 4, 25, 115, 120

minorities

, 32–33, 182

Migrant entrepreneurship. See also Returnee entrepreneurship

, 2, 3, 4, 11, 71–72, 179

in cities

, 72–79

criteria for exclusion of irrelevant articles

, 13–14

data collection

, 12–14

descriptive highlights

, 14–15

disciplinary area of published articles

, 17

disciplines

, 24–31

findings from analysis of abstracts

, 15–31

individual and firm resources for

, 56–58

in Italy

, 79–82

journals for number of published articles

, 16

knowledge and entrepreneurship variation across regions

, 72–74

management

, 17–24

measurement

, 5

policy and practice considerations

, 182–185

review methodology

, 12–14

study of

, 4, 181

theoretical considerations

, 179–182

urban contexts and

, 74–77

Milan city

, 81, 93–98

“Mixed embeddedness” approach

, 57, 75–76

Mobilization of resources

, 25–26

Multiculturally hybrid companies

, 184

Nascent entrepreneurship. See also Migrant entrepreneurship

, 155–156

decisions

, 165–166, 177–178

Native entrepreneurs

, 184

New technology-based firms (NTBFs)

, 121

“Non-entrepreneurship-technical” language

, 97–98

Non-management scholars

, 179–180

Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)

, 156

Opportunity structure

, 75

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

, 1

“Particularistic” approach

, 97–98

Penrose’s theory

, 58–59

Perceived behavioral control (PBC)

, 118

Place-bounded entrepreneurial opportunities

, 98

Policymakers

, 1, 101–103, 183–184

Pre-internationalization phase

, 118

Probit regression of probability

, 176

Regional systems of entrepreneurship

, 77–78

Research and development (R&D)

, 77–78

Resource dependence perspective

, 60–63

Resource-based view (RBV)

, 59–60, 62

Return migration

, 156–157, 169

determinants of

, 153–154

Returnee entrepreneurs

, 151

Returnee entrepreneurship

data collection

, 157

literature review

, 153–156

measurement

, 161

method

, 161–165

methodology

, 156–165

nascent entrepreneurship decisions

, 165–166

reintegration outcomes in home country

, 166–169

research background

, 156–157

results

, 165–169

sample descriptives

, 158–161

Self-employed immigrants

, 2

Self-employment

, 3–4

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs)

, 82–93, 141–142

Social attributes

, 78–79

“Social inclusion” approach

, 97–98

Structuration theory

, 181

Super-diversity

, 75

in migrant population

, 100–101

of migrant populations and enterprises

, 181–182

Theory of planned behavior (TPB)

, 118

Theory of the Growth of the Firm, The (Penrose)

, 66

Transnational

entrepreneurship

, 115–116

Transnationalism

, 115

Transversal themes

, 24, 30–31

Urban contexts

, 74–77

Urbanization economies

, 73–74

vacancy-chain openings

, 59

Vacancy-chain businesses

, 75–76

Voluntary returns

, 156–157

Web of Science Core Collection

, 12