Index
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Citation
Harvey, M. (2021), "Index", Climate Emergency (Society Now), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 229-240. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-330-420211010
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2021 Mark Harvey. Published under exclusive license by Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Abstract labour, 35–36, 41–43, 54, 58–59
Abstract models, 33–34
capitalism, 82–83
of economy, 60
Abstract money, 52–53
Abstract nature, 43
Aerodynamics, 148–149
Agricultural/agriculture, 182–183
policy, 98–99
revolutions, 58–59, 71
use of land, 65–66
Amazon, 170–171
American Revolutionary War, 18–19
Anglo-Americans, 85–86
Anthropocene, 3–5, 7–10, 15, 41–42
Anthropogenesis, 4–5, 64
Anthropogenic climate change, 3–4, 8–10, 15, 37
Atmospheric aerosol loading, 9–12
Beeching cuts, 152–153
Biofuels, 67–68, 139, 152
Biological threats, 2–3
Biomass, 65–66
Biosphere integrity, 9–12
Black Death, 2, 72, 182–183
Bolsonaro-Trump Climate Change Accelerator Pedal, 119–121
Brazil
agricultural land, 68–69
developmental trajectories of, 97
meat production and consumption in, 180
PDEC configuration in, 97
political economies of, 95
Brazil in Action (1996–1999), 109–110
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, 110–111
Brazilian agricultural sector, 111–112
Brazilian land use, 103–104
Brazilian sociogenic trajectory, 107–121
British colonisation of slave plantations, 203–204
British imperialism, 23–24, 45–46
British industrial capitalism, 45–46, 82–83
British industrial capitalist revolution, 82–83
British industrial revolution, 18–19, 63–64, 71, 90–91, 129, 159, 180, 182–183
British sociogenic climate change pathway, 73–74
British-US Deep South configuration, 57–58
Brown coal, 142
Burning coal, 72–73
James Watt’s steam engine, 8–9
for steam powered manufacturing, 78
Capital ownership development, 159–160
Capitalisation of land, 48
Capitalism, 32–36, 40, 49–51, 54, 58–59
central contradiction of, 36–37
dualism of, 58–59
Marx’s theory of, 58–59
self-destructing, 34–37
sociogenic conceptualisation of, 58
Capitalist economies, 60
Capitalist economy, 36–37
Capitalist growth, 45–46
Capitalist revolution, 42
Capitalocene, 34, 37, 46, 54
Car and oil dependency, 152–153
Carbon budget, 174–175
Carbon dioxide emissions (CO2 emissions), 1–2, 10–11, 13–14, 24–25, 165–166
Carbon footprint, 107
Carbon lock-in, 143–144, 174
Carbon-intensive lock-in, 187
Cartesian revolution, 42
Cheap, 35–36, 40–41
theory of, 41
Chemical fertilizers, 8–9
China, 174–175
developmental trajectories of, 97
meat production and consumption in, 180
PDEC configuration in, 97
political economies of, 95
sociogenic climate change, 101
Chinese food and agriculture policy, 103
Chinese Revolution, 189–191
Chinese sociogenic trajectory, 98–107
Churrascaria
, 114–116
Circular economy, 200–201
Climate change. See also Greenhouse gases (GHG), 1, 9–10, 32–34, 55–56, 63, 82–83, 96, 177, 182
Australia-Japan partnership in, 145–146
British industrial capitalist revolution, 82–83
British industrial revolution, 90–91
colonisation, 70
commercialisation of Amazon, 69–70
cotton textile production, 77–78
crisis, 8–9, 13–14
development of slave cotton, 78–79
English sociogenic trilemma perspective, 71
factory-produced worsteds complemented cotton textiles, 75–76
Indian Removal Act, 84–85
John Wayne in Red River by Howard Hawks, 87
land resources in United States, 81–82
long view, the, 6–7, 22, 79–80
longer industrialisation view, the, 54
Louisiana purchase, 80–81, 83–84
methane-producing cattle, 86–87
natural science food-energy-climate change, 65
Paris Agreement on, 120
politics of, 60–61
proto-industrial developments of woollen textile production, 74–75
resource environment, 73–74
short view, the, 44–45
shorter industrialisation view, the, 22–23
sociogenesis, 64
sociogenic character of, 124–125
sociogenic emission of greenhouse gases, 92
sociogenic pathways, 89–90
sugarcane, 68–69
territorial acquisition of Texas, 85–86
Texas, 88–89, 91–92
trilemma, 66–68
urban growth, 72–73
Climate emergency, 3–4, 13–14, 130–131, 161, 180
Anthropocene, 3–4, 7, 15
anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
climate change, 1
out of climate emergency, 196–204
CO2 emissions, 1–2, 24–25
Earth System, 16
economy shifted place, 20
great divergence, 4
industrial revolution, 22–23
interglacial period, 5–6
national historical developments, 18
nature’s productions, 179
planetary boundaries, 9–13, 25–26
political character of, 16–17
powering into, 156–158
resource environments, 21
societies, 23–24
socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
sociogenesis, 4–5, 17–19, 26, 28
technological determinism of climate change, 8–9
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
warning, 24–25
weaknesses and failures of successive international conferences, 14–15
Coal. See also Burning coal
coal-powered electricity generation, 185–186
consumption, 72–73
fired power stations, 142–143
mining, 77–78
resources, 181
Colonialism, 63–64, 203–204
Command over planetary resources, inequalities in, 173–176
Commercial market-oriented agriculture, 183–184
Commodity frontier, 39–40
Communism, 55, 131, 184–185
Conceptualisation, 52–53
Consumer(s), 170–171, 187
inequalities, 165–166
of lithium, 202
markets, 43–44
nations, 28–29
Consumerism, 156–157
Consumption, 57
of aviation fuel per capita, 166
changes of norms and routines, 200–201
meat eating culture, 94–95
productive systems and patterns, 18
of renewable energy, 14–15
Contemporary market socialisms, 172–173
Cooperative-collectivisation, 98–100
Cosmologists, 8
Cotton, 76
slavery, 79
textiles, 55–56, 58, 75–78
COVID-19
pandemic, 1–2, 154–155, 197, 199
sociogenesis analysis of, 26–28
Crimes against humanity, 81
Cultural Revolution, 98–99
Cultures of production, 134–135
Dash for gas, 142–143
Deforestation, 3–6, 55–56, 58–59
of Amazon, 12–13, 68–69
levels, 118–119
Distribution, 57, 94–95, 128
Division of labour, 8, 16–17
Domestic agriecological crisis, 101–102
Domestic electrification of societies, 135–136
Domestic energy coal, 76
Domestic slaves, 132, 186–187
Dragging effect, 109–110
Dualism, 38
of capitalism, 58–59
Earth System, 8–13, 31
climate emergency, 16
natural science, 45–46
Earth’s atmosphere, 182–183
Earth’s atmospheric change, 31–32
Earth’s biophysical system, 14–15
Ecological crisis, 8–9, 46–47
of China’s water resources, 101–102
of mid-nineteenth century agriculture, 47–48
Ecological Marxism, 49–50
Economy/economies, 33–34, 95
of capital, 33–34
of capitalism, 52
dynamic of capitalism, 36
of money, 51–52
transformations, 60–61
Egalitarian land distribution, 99–100
Electricity, 171–172
Electrification, 189
Electrifying societies, 131–146
Energy, 40–41, 65–66, 145–146
Engine capacities, 148–149
English sociogenic trilemma perspective, 71
Environmental characteristics, 36
Environmental degradation, 13–14
Environmental Marxists, 34
Environmental Protection Agency, 120
Environmental regulations, 102–103
Environmental resources, 20, 25–26, 184
Environmental science, 64
Environmental scientists, 8
Ethnic cleansing, 55–56, 80, 84–85, 91
European capitalism, 39–40
European energy resources, 73–74
European feudalism, 32–33
European Union, 153–154
Exchange
market, 19
value, 35–36
Exploitation of nature, 203–204
Export-driven agricultural growth, 114
Extensification, 109–110
Facebook, 170–171
Factory-produced worsteds complemented cotton textiles, 75–76
Farmer Professional Cooperatives, 101–102
Farming extensification, 113–114
Fascism, 19–20
Feeding the crisis. See also Ecological crisis, 93
Bolsonaro-Trump Climate Change Accelerator Pedal, 119–121
Brazilian beef exports to China in tonnes, 105
Brazilian sociogenic trajectory, 107–121
Chinese sociogenic trajectory, 98–107
contrasting sociogenic trajectories and attraction of opposites, 121–123, 125–126
units of analysis and policy implications, 125–128
First World War, 174
Flex-Fuel Vehicles, 67–68, 149–150
Food, 40–41
contribution, 93
food-energy-climate change, 64, 94–95
policy, 98–99
security, 98–99
transport, 65–66
Forward Brazil (2000–2003), 109–110
Fossil energy, 65–66, 70
Fossil fuels
burning, 3–4
energy, 58
Foundational proposition, 35–36
Free labour, 41
Freshwater use, 9–10
Fuelling crisis
electrifying societies, 131, 140, 146
powering into climate emergency, 156–158
Fukushima nuclear power disaster, 191
General purpose money, 52–53
Generic capitalism, 82–83
Genesis, 31
Genocides, 55–56, 80, 183–184
Geological time, 7
Ghost acres, 90–91
Global warming, 12–13, 25–26, 37
Globalisation, 191–192
Great Britain, 83
Great Depression, 158, 185–186
Great Divergence, The, 4, 17–18, 82–83, 159, 166, 192
Great Transformation, The
, 19–20
Green coal, 132–133
Green economy, 202
Green New Deal, 185–186, 198–202
Green revolutionary transformation, 92
Greenhouse gases (GHG), 14–15, 63, 65–66, 93, 162, 166, 177
emissions, 81, 94–95, 198
generation, 96–97
societal generation of, 171–172
Greenland Ice Cap, 12–13
Hard coal, 142
Historical materialism, 32–33, 54–55
Historical materialist conception of economy fit, 33–34
Historical time, 7
Holocene, 4–6
Hothouse Earth, 14–15
Household Responsibility System, 98–101
Hukou registration system, 99–100
Human activity, 31
Humanity, 16, 19
Hydroelectric power, 136–137
Indian Removal Act (1830), 84–85
Individual wealth inequalities, 164
Individualisation, 98–99
Industrial capitalism, 58–59, 159–160, 172–173
Industrial Revolution, 31–32, 70
Industrialisation, 6–7, 45–46
Industrialisation View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Industrialised agriculture, 11–12
Inequalities of climate change
consumption, 193–194
environmental resources, 204
inequalities between countries and climate change, 161–177
inequalities in command over planetary resources, 173–176
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
interlocked inequalities, 176–177
wealth and income, 160
Infrastructures, 109–110
electricity grids, 184–185
road, 149–150
Intensive capitalist agriculture of Britain, 46–47
Intensive industrialisation of Soviet bloc, 55
Interglacial period, 5–6
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 93
Interlocked inequalities, 176–177
International Energy Authority, 1–2
International Panel on Climate Change, 14, 25–26
Japan, economy in, 144–145
Kyoto Protocol, 14
Labour, 35–36, 40–41
labour-saving devices, 138–139
qualifications of, 194
quantities of abstract labour time, 58–59
regimes, 58
Lancashire textile mills, 181
Land conversion in United States, 80
Land cultivation, 55–56
Land resources, 94–95
Land system change, 9–10
Land use, 69, 76
change, 3–4, 6–7, 11–12, 65, 69, 95–96, 182–183
intensification, 65
Land-extensification, 103–104
Landownership, 98–101
Lenin’s pronouncement, 131–132
Lithium-ion batteries, 202
Little Ice Age, 2
Lock-in concept, 139
Long View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Louisiana Purchase of 1803, 80
Low level cooperatives, 98–99
Madeiran self-destructive ecological disaster, 40
Market capitalism, 147
Marx’s model of capitalist economy, 58–59
Marx’s theory of capitalism, 58–59
Marxism, 34–35
Marxist conceptualisations, 57–59
Matthew Effect, 51
Meat transitions, 122–123
Metabolic rift, 34, 46, 50, 132–133
Methane (CH4), 5–6, 12–13, 96, 101
Mexico, 83–84
Microsoft, 170–171
Model T Ford, 148–149
Money-Commodities-Moneyplus circuit, 45–46, 49–51
Motorisation, 189
of society, 149–150
Multinational fast-food retailers, 104
National Determined Contributions (NDCs), 93
National greenhouse gas emissions, 23–24
National historical developments, 18
National Institute of Space Research (INPE), 116–117
National political economies, 177
National territorial resource environments, 189
National wealth creation process, 192
Native Americans, 83–84
Nazism, 19–20
Nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx emissions), 13–14
Nitrogen phosphate fertilizers, 8–9
Nitrous oxide (N2O), 96, 101
Ocean(ic) acidification, 9–12
Oil, space and, 188–189
Oil dependency, car and, 152–153
Organic energy, 90–91
Oriental despotism, 32–33
Ozone depletion, 11–12
Pandemic, 32, 182–183
Paris Agreement (2015), 1, 120, 176, 196–197, 201–202
People’s Communes, 98–99
Permafrost thawing, 12–13
Physical fixes, 16
Pigs, 103
Planetary boundaries, 9–11, 15
analysis, 25–26
framework, 12–13
Plantations, 55–56
Planting societies, 181
Political economy, 95, 131–132
Politics, 197–198
of climate change, 60–61
of food, 96
Post-Mao Tse Tung reform, 98–99
Post-Soviet economies, 172–173
Power generation technologies, 129
Pre-fossil energy, 70
Producer-consumer configuration, 97
Production, 57, 97, 104, 156–157
Production-distribution-exchange-consumption configurations (PDEC configurations), 55–57, 97, 104, 156–157
Profit-making enterprises, 169–170
Provisional landownership, 109–110
Qualifications of labour, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources, 192–193
Quality distinction, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation, 200–201
Rapid acceleration, 43
Raw materials, 40–41
Re-collectivisation, 98–99
Re-individualisation, 98–99
Re-wilding, 200–201
Red River War, 84–85
Reforestation, 200–201
Regional electrification, 134–135
Regional grid systems, 134
Renewable energy, 14–15
Renewable fuel, 72–73
Resource environments, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE), 136–137
Rice cultivation, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Abstract labour
, 35–36, 41–43, 54, 58–59
Abstract models
, 33–34
capitalism
, 82–83
of economy
, 60
Abstract money
, 52–53
Abstract nature
, 43
Aerodynamics
, 148–149
Agricultural/agriculture
, 182–183
policy
, 98–99
revolutions
, 58–59, 71
use of land
, 65–66
Amazon
, 170–171
American Revolutionary War
, 18–19
Anglo-Americans
, 85–86
Anthropocene
, 3–5, 7–10, 15, 41–42
Anthropogenesis
, 4–5, 64
Anthropogenic climate change
, 3–4, 8–10, 15, 37
Atmospheric aerosol loading
, 9–12
Beeching cuts
, 152–153
Biofuels
, 67–68, 139, 152
Biological threats
, 2–3
Biomass
, 65–66
Biosphere integrity
, 9–12
Black Death
, 2, 72, 182–183
Bolsonaro-Trump Climate Change Accelerator Pedal
, 119–121
Brazil
agricultural land
, 68–69
developmental trajectories of
, 97
meat production and consumption in
, 180
PDEC configuration in
, 97
political economies of
, 95
Brazil in Action (1996–1999)
, 109–110
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation
, 110–111
Brazilian agricultural sector
, 111–112
Brazilian land use
, 103–104
Brazilian sociogenic trajectory
, 107–121
British colonisation of slave plantations
, 203–204
British imperialism
, 23–24, 45–46
British industrial capitalism
, 45–46, 82–83
British industrial capitalist revolution
, 82–83
British industrial revolution
, 18–19, 63–64, 71, 90–91, 129, 159, 180, 182–183
British sociogenic climate change pathway
, 73–74
British-US Deep South configuration
, 57–58
Brown coal
, 142
Burning coal
, 72–73
James Watt’s steam engine
, 8–9
for steam powered manufacturing
, 78
Capital ownership development, 159–160
Capitalisation of land, 48
Capitalism, 32–36, 40, 49–51, 54, 58–59
central contradiction of, 36–37
dualism of, 58–59
Marx’s theory of, 58–59
self-destructing, 34–37
sociogenic conceptualisation of, 58
Capitalist economies, 60
Capitalist economy, 36–37
Capitalist growth, 45–46
Capitalist revolution, 42
Capitalocene, 34, 37, 46, 54
Car and oil dependency, 152–153
Carbon budget, 174–175
Carbon dioxide emissions (CO2 emissions), 1–2, 10–11, 13–14, 24–25, 165–166
Carbon footprint, 107
Carbon lock-in, 143–144, 174
Carbon-intensive lock-in, 187
Cartesian revolution, 42
Cheap, 35–36, 40–41
theory of, 41
Chemical fertilizers, 8–9
China, 174–175
developmental trajectories of, 97
meat production and consumption in, 180
PDEC configuration in, 97
political economies of, 95
sociogenic climate change, 101
Chinese food and agriculture policy, 103
Chinese Revolution, 189–191
Chinese sociogenic trajectory, 98–107
Churrascaria
, 114–116
Circular economy, 200–201
Climate change. See also Greenhouse gases (GHG), 1, 9–10, 32–34, 55–56, 63, 82–83, 96, 177, 182
Australia-Japan partnership in, 145–146
British industrial capitalist revolution, 82–83
British industrial revolution, 90–91
colonisation, 70
commercialisation of Amazon, 69–70
cotton textile production, 77–78
crisis, 8–9, 13–14
development of slave cotton, 78–79
English sociogenic trilemma perspective, 71
factory-produced worsteds complemented cotton textiles, 75–76
Indian Removal Act, 84–85
John Wayne in Red River by Howard Hawks, 87
land resources in United States, 81–82
long view, the, 6–7, 22, 79–80
longer industrialisation view, the, 54
Louisiana purchase, 80–81, 83–84
methane-producing cattle, 86–87
natural science food-energy-climate change, 65
Paris Agreement on, 120
politics of, 60–61
proto-industrial developments of woollen textile production, 74–75
resource environment, 73–74
short view, the, 44–45
shorter industrialisation view, the, 22–23
sociogenesis, 64
sociogenic character of, 124–125
sociogenic emission of greenhouse gases, 92
sociogenic pathways, 89–90
sugarcane, 68–69
territorial acquisition of Texas, 85–86
Texas, 88–89, 91–92
trilemma, 66–68
urban growth, 72–73
Climate emergency, 3–4, 13–14, 130–131, 161, 180
Anthropocene, 3–4, 7, 15
anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
climate change, 1
out of climate emergency, 196–204
CO2 emissions, 1–2, 24–25
Earth System, 16
economy shifted place, 20
great divergence, 4
industrial revolution, 22–23
interglacial period, 5–6
national historical developments, 18
nature’s productions, 179
planetary boundaries, 9–13, 25–26
political character of, 16–17
powering into, 156–158
resource environments, 21
societies, 23–24
socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
sociogenesis, 4–5, 17–19, 26, 28
technological determinism of climate change, 8–9
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
warning, 24–25
weaknesses and failures of successive international conferences, 14–15
Coal. See also Burning coal
coal-powered electricity generation, 185–186
consumption, 72–73
fired power stations, 142–143
mining, 77–78
resources, 181
Colonialism, 63–64, 203–204
Command over planetary resources, inequalities in, 173–176
Commercial market-oriented agriculture, 183–184
Commodity frontier, 39–40
Communism, 55, 131, 184–185
Conceptualisation, 52–53
Consumer(s), 170–171, 187
inequalities, 165–166
of lithium, 202
markets, 43–44
nations, 28–29
Consumerism, 156–157
Consumption, 57
of aviation fuel per capita, 166
changes of norms and routines, 200–201
meat eating culture, 94–95
productive systems and patterns, 18
of renewable energy, 14–15
Contemporary market socialisms, 172–173
Cooperative-collectivisation, 98–100
Cosmologists, 8
Cotton, 76
slavery, 79
textiles, 55–56, 58, 75–78
COVID-19
pandemic, 1–2, 154–155, 197, 199
sociogenesis analysis of, 26–28
Crimes against humanity, 81
Cultural Revolution, 98–99
Cultures of production, 134–135
Dash for gas, 142–143
Deforestation, 3–6, 55–56, 58–59
of Amazon, 12–13, 68–69
levels, 118–119
Distribution, 57, 94–95, 128
Division of labour, 8, 16–17
Domestic agriecological crisis, 101–102
Domestic electrification of societies, 135–136
Domestic energy coal, 76
Domestic slaves, 132, 186–187
Dragging effect, 109–110
Dualism, 38
of capitalism, 58–59
Earth System, 8–13, 31
climate emergency, 16
natural science, 45–46
Earth’s atmosphere, 182–183
Earth’s atmospheric change, 31–32
Earth’s biophysical system, 14–15
Ecological crisis, 8–9, 46–47
of China’s water resources, 101–102
of mid-nineteenth century agriculture, 47–48
Ecological Marxism, 49–50
Economy/economies, 33–34, 95
of capital, 33–34
of capitalism, 52
dynamic of capitalism, 36
of money, 51–52
transformations, 60–61
Egalitarian land distribution, 99–100
Electricity, 171–172
Electrification, 189
Electrifying societies, 131–146
Energy, 40–41, 65–66, 145–146
Engine capacities, 148–149
English sociogenic trilemma perspective, 71
Environmental characteristics, 36
Environmental degradation, 13–14
Environmental Marxists, 34
Environmental Protection Agency, 120
Environmental regulations, 102–103
Environmental resources, 20, 25–26, 184
Environmental science, 64
Environmental scientists, 8
Ethnic cleansing, 55–56, 80, 84–85, 91
European capitalism, 39–40
European energy resources, 73–74
European feudalism, 32–33
European Union, 153–154
Exchange
market, 19
value, 35–36
Exploitation of nature, 203–204
Export-driven agricultural growth, 114
Extensification, 109–110
Facebook, 170–171
Factory-produced worsteds complemented cotton textiles, 75–76
Farmer Professional Cooperatives, 101–102
Farming extensification, 113–114
Fascism, 19–20
Feeding the crisis. See also Ecological crisis, 93
Bolsonaro-Trump Climate Change Accelerator Pedal, 119–121
Brazilian beef exports to China in tonnes, 105
Brazilian sociogenic trajectory, 107–121
Chinese sociogenic trajectory, 98–107
contrasting sociogenic trajectories and attraction of opposites, 121–123, 125–126
units of analysis and policy implications, 125–128
First World War, 174
Flex-Fuel Vehicles, 67–68, 149–150
Food, 40–41
contribution, 93
food-energy-climate change, 64, 94–95
policy, 98–99
security, 98–99
transport, 65–66
Forward Brazil (2000–2003), 109–110
Fossil energy, 65–66, 70
Fossil fuels
burning, 3–4
energy, 58
Foundational proposition, 35–36
Free labour, 41
Freshwater use, 9–10
Fuelling crisis
electrifying societies, 131, 140, 146
powering into climate emergency, 156–158
Fukushima nuclear power disaster, 191
General purpose money, 52–53
Generic capitalism, 82–83
Genesis, 31
Genocides, 55–56, 80, 183–184
Geological time, 7
Ghost acres, 90–91
Global warming, 12–13, 25–26, 37
Globalisation, 191–192
Great Britain, 83
Great Depression, 158, 185–186
Great Divergence, The, 4, 17–18, 82–83, 159, 166, 192
Great Transformation, The
, 19–20
Green coal, 132–133
Green economy, 202
Green New Deal, 185–186, 198–202
Green revolutionary transformation, 92
Greenhouse gases (GHG), 14–15, 63, 65–66, 93, 162, 166, 177
emissions, 81, 94–95, 198
generation, 96–97
societal generation of, 171–172
Greenland Ice Cap, 12–13
Hard coal, 142
Historical materialism, 32–33, 54–55
Historical materialist conception of economy fit, 33–34
Historical time, 7
Holocene, 4–6
Hothouse Earth, 14–15
Household Responsibility System, 98–101
Hukou registration system, 99–100
Human activity, 31
Humanity, 16, 19
Hydroelectric power, 136–137
Indian Removal Act (1830), 84–85
Individual wealth inequalities, 164
Individualisation, 98–99
Industrial capitalism, 58–59, 159–160, 172–173
Industrial Revolution, 31–32, 70
Industrialisation, 6–7, 45–46
Industrialisation View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Industrialised agriculture, 11–12
Inequalities of climate change
consumption, 193–194
environmental resources, 204
inequalities between countries and climate change, 161–177
inequalities in command over planetary resources, 173–176
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
interlocked inequalities, 176–177
wealth and income, 160
Infrastructures, 109–110
electricity grids, 184–185
road, 149–150
Intensive capitalist agriculture of Britain, 46–47
Intensive industrialisation of Soviet bloc, 55
Interglacial period, 5–6
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 93
Interlocked inequalities, 176–177
International Energy Authority, 1–2
International Panel on Climate Change, 14, 25–26
Japan, economy in, 144–145
Kyoto Protocol, 14
Labour, 35–36, 40–41
labour-saving devices, 138–139
qualifications of, 194
quantities of abstract labour time, 58–59
regimes, 58
Lancashire textile mills, 181
Land conversion in United States, 80
Land cultivation, 55–56
Land resources, 94–95
Land system change, 9–10
Land use, 69, 76
change, 3–4, 6–7, 11–12, 65, 69, 95–96, 182–183
intensification, 65
Land-extensification, 103–104
Landownership, 98–101
Lenin’s pronouncement, 131–132
Lithium-ion batteries, 202
Little Ice Age, 2
Lock-in concept, 139
Long View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Louisiana Purchase of 1803, 80
Low level cooperatives, 98–99
Madeiran self-destructive ecological disaster, 40
Market capitalism, 147
Marx’s model of capitalist economy, 58–59
Marx’s theory of capitalism, 58–59
Marxism, 34–35
Marxist conceptualisations, 57–59
Matthew Effect, 51
Meat transitions, 122–123
Metabolic rift, 34, 46, 50, 132–133
Methane (CH4), 5–6, 12–13, 96, 101
Mexico, 83–84
Microsoft, 170–171
Model T Ford, 148–149
Money-Commodities-Moneyplus circuit, 45–46, 49–51
Motorisation, 189
of society, 149–150
Multinational fast-food retailers, 104
National Determined Contributions (NDCs), 93
National greenhouse gas emissions, 23–24
National historical developments, 18
National Institute of Space Research (INPE), 116–117
National political economies, 177
National territorial resource environments, 189
National wealth creation process, 192
Native Americans, 83–84
Nazism, 19–20
Nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx emissions), 13–14
Nitrogen phosphate fertilizers, 8–9
Nitrous oxide (N2O), 96, 101
Ocean(ic) acidification, 9–12
Oil, space and, 188–189
Oil dependency, car and, 152–153
Organic energy, 90–91
Oriental despotism, 32–33
Ozone depletion, 11–12
Pandemic, 32, 182–183
Paris Agreement (2015), 1, 120, 176, 196–197, 201–202
People’s Communes, 98–99
Permafrost thawing, 12–13
Physical fixes, 16
Pigs, 103
Planetary boundaries, 9–11, 15
analysis, 25–26
framework, 12–13
Plantations, 55–56
Planting societies, 181
Political economy, 95, 131–132
Politics, 197–198
of climate change, 60–61
of food, 96
Post-Mao Tse Tung reform, 98–99
Post-Soviet economies, 172–173
Power generation technologies, 129
Pre-fossil energy, 70
Producer-consumer configuration, 97
Production, 57, 97, 104, 156–157
Production-distribution-exchange-consumption configurations (PDEC configurations), 55–57, 97, 104, 156–157
Profit-making enterprises, 169–170
Provisional landownership, 109–110
Qualifications of labour, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources, 192–193
Quality distinction, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation, 200–201
Rapid acceleration, 43
Raw materials, 40–41
Re-collectivisation, 98–99
Re-individualisation, 98–99
Re-wilding, 200–201
Red River War, 84–85
Reforestation, 200–201
Regional electrification, 134–135
Regional grid systems, 134
Renewable energy, 14–15
Renewable fuel, 72–73
Resource environments, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE), 136–137
Rice cultivation, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Capital ownership development
, 159–160
Capitalisation of land
, 48
Capitalism
, 32–36, 40, 49–51, 54, 58–59
central contradiction of
, 36–37
dualism of
, 58–59
Marx’s theory of
, 58–59
self-destructing
, 34–37
sociogenic conceptualisation of
, 58
Capitalist economies
, 60
Capitalist economy
, 36–37
Capitalist growth
, 45–46
Capitalist revolution
, 42
Capitalocene
, 34, 37, 46, 54
Car and oil dependency
, 152–153
Carbon budget
, 174–175
Carbon dioxide emissions (CO2 emissions)
, 1–2, 10–11, 13–14, 24–25, 165–166
Carbon footprint
, 107
Carbon lock-in
, 143–144, 174
Carbon-intensive lock-in
, 187
Cartesian revolution
, 42
Cheap
, 35–36, 40–41
theory of
, 41
Chemical fertilizers
, 8–9
China
, 174–175
developmental trajectories of
, 97
meat production and consumption in
, 180
PDEC configuration in
, 97
political economies of
, 95
sociogenic climate change
, 101
Chinese food and agriculture policy
, 103
Chinese Revolution
, 189–191
Chinese sociogenic trajectory
, 98–107
Churrascaria
, 114–116
Circular economy
, 200–201
Climate change. See also Greenhouse gases (GHG)
, 1, 9–10, 32–34, 55–56, 63, 82–83, 96, 177, 182
Australia-Japan partnership in
, 145–146
British industrial capitalist revolution
, 82–83
British industrial revolution
, 90–91
colonisation
, 70
commercialisation of Amazon
, 69–70
cotton textile production
, 77–78
crisis
, 8–9, 13–14
development of slave cotton
, 78–79
English sociogenic trilemma perspective
, 71
factory-produced worsteds complemented cotton textiles
, 75–76
Indian Removal Act
, 84–85
John Wayne in Red River by Howard Hawks
, 87
land resources in United States
, 81–82
long view, the
, 6–7, 22, 79–80
longer industrialisation view, the
, 54
Louisiana purchase
, 80–81, 83–84
methane-producing cattle
, 86–87
natural science food-energy-climate change
, 65
Paris Agreement on
, 120
politics of
, 60–61
proto-industrial developments of woollen textile production
, 74–75
resource environment
, 73–74
short view, the
, 44–45
shorter industrialisation view, the
, 22–23
sociogenesis
, 64
sociogenic character of
, 124–125
sociogenic emission of greenhouse gases
, 92
sociogenic pathways
, 89–90
sugarcane
, 68–69
territorial acquisition of Texas
, 85–86
Texas
, 88–89, 91–92
trilemma
, 66–68
urban growth
, 72–73
Climate emergency
, 3–4, 13–14, 130–131, 161, 180
Anthropocene
, 3–4, 7, 15
anthropogenic climate change
, 6–7
climate change
, 1
out of climate emergency
, 196–204
CO2 emissions
, 1–2, 24–25
Earth System
, 16
economy shifted place
, 20
great divergence
, 4
industrial revolution
, 22–23
interglacial period
, 5–6
national historical developments
, 18
nature’s productions
, 179
planetary boundaries
, 9–13, 25–26
political character of
, 16–17
powering into
, 156–158
resource environments
, 21
societies
, 23–24
socio-economic inequalities
, 24–25
sociogenesis
, 4–5, 17–19, 26, 28
technological determinism of climate change
, 8–9
UN hosted climate conferences
, 28–29
warning
, 24–25
weaknesses and failures of successive international conferences
, 14–15
Coal. See also Burning coal
coal-powered electricity generation
, 185–186
consumption
, 72–73
fired power stations
, 142–143
mining
, 77–78
resources
, 181
Colonialism
, 63–64, 203–204
Command over planetary resources, inequalities in
, 173–176
Commercial market-oriented agriculture
, 183–184
Commodity frontier
, 39–40
Communism
, 55, 131, 184–185
Conceptualisation
, 52–53
Consumer(s)
, 170–171, 187
inequalities
, 165–166
of lithium
, 202
markets
, 43–44
nations
, 28–29
Consumerism
, 156–157
Consumption
, 57
of aviation fuel per capita
, 166
changes of norms and routines
, 200–201
meat eating culture
, 94–95
productive systems and patterns
, 18
of renewable energy
, 14–15
Contemporary market socialisms
, 172–173
Cooperative-collectivisation
, 98–100
Cosmologists
, 8
Cotton
, 76
slavery
, 79
textiles
, 55–56, 58, 75–78
COVID-19
pandemic
, 1–2, 154–155, 197, 199
sociogenesis analysis of
, 26–28
Crimes against humanity
, 81
Cultural Revolution
, 98–99
Cultures of production
, 134–135
Dash for gas
, 142–143
Deforestation
, 3–6, 55–56, 58–59
of Amazon
, 12–13, 68–69
levels
, 118–119
Distribution
, 57, 94–95, 128
Division of labour
, 8, 16–17
Domestic agriecological crisis
, 101–102
Domestic electrification of societies
, 135–136
Domestic energy coal
, 76
Domestic slaves
, 132, 186–187
Dragging effect
, 109–110
Dualism
, 38
of capitalism
, 58–59
Earth System, 8–13, 31
climate emergency, 16
natural science, 45–46
Earth’s atmosphere, 182–183
Earth’s atmospheric change, 31–32
Earth’s biophysical system, 14–15
Ecological crisis, 8–9, 46–47
of China’s water resources, 101–102
of mid-nineteenth century agriculture, 47–48
Ecological Marxism, 49–50
Economy/economies, 33–34, 95
of capital, 33–34
of capitalism, 52
dynamic of capitalism, 36
of money, 51–52
transformations, 60–61
Egalitarian land distribution, 99–100
Electricity, 171–172
Electrification, 189
Electrifying societies, 131–146
Energy, 40–41, 65–66, 145–146
Engine capacities, 148–149
English sociogenic trilemma perspective, 71
Environmental characteristics, 36
Environmental degradation, 13–14
Environmental Marxists, 34
Environmental Protection Agency, 120
Environmental regulations, 102–103
Environmental resources, 20, 25–26, 184
Environmental science, 64
Environmental scientists, 8
Ethnic cleansing, 55–56, 80, 84–85, 91
European capitalism, 39–40
European energy resources, 73–74
European feudalism, 32–33
European Union, 153–154
Exchange
market, 19
value, 35–36
Exploitation of nature, 203–204
Export-driven agricultural growth, 114
Extensification, 109–110
Facebook, 170–171
Factory-produced worsteds complemented cotton textiles, 75–76
Farmer Professional Cooperatives, 101–102
Farming extensification, 113–114
Fascism, 19–20
Feeding the crisis. See also Ecological crisis, 93
Bolsonaro-Trump Climate Change Accelerator Pedal, 119–121
Brazilian beef exports to China in tonnes, 105
Brazilian sociogenic trajectory, 107–121
Chinese sociogenic trajectory, 98–107
contrasting sociogenic trajectories and attraction of opposites, 121–123, 125–126
units of analysis and policy implications, 125–128
First World War, 174
Flex-Fuel Vehicles, 67–68, 149–150
Food, 40–41
contribution, 93
food-energy-climate change, 64, 94–95
policy, 98–99
security, 98–99
transport, 65–66
Forward Brazil (2000–2003), 109–110
Fossil energy, 65–66, 70
Fossil fuels
burning, 3–4
energy, 58
Foundational proposition, 35–36
Free labour, 41
Freshwater use, 9–10
Fuelling crisis
electrifying societies, 131, 140, 146
powering into climate emergency, 156–158
Fukushima nuclear power disaster, 191
General purpose money, 52–53
Generic capitalism, 82–83
Genesis, 31
Genocides, 55–56, 80, 183–184
Geological time, 7
Ghost acres, 90–91
Global warming, 12–13, 25–26, 37
Globalisation, 191–192
Great Britain, 83
Great Depression, 158, 185–186
Great Divergence, The, 4, 17–18, 82–83, 159, 166, 192
Great Transformation, The
, 19–20
Green coal, 132–133
Green economy, 202
Green New Deal, 185–186, 198–202
Green revolutionary transformation, 92
Greenhouse gases (GHG), 14–15, 63, 65–66, 93, 162, 166, 177
emissions, 81, 94–95, 198
generation, 96–97
societal generation of, 171–172
Greenland Ice Cap, 12–13
Hard coal, 142
Historical materialism, 32–33, 54–55
Historical materialist conception of economy fit, 33–34
Historical time, 7
Holocene, 4–6
Hothouse Earth, 14–15
Household Responsibility System, 98–101
Hukou registration system, 99–100
Human activity, 31
Humanity, 16, 19
Hydroelectric power, 136–137
Indian Removal Act (1830), 84–85
Individual wealth inequalities, 164
Individualisation, 98–99
Industrial capitalism, 58–59, 159–160, 172–173
Industrial Revolution, 31–32, 70
Industrialisation, 6–7, 45–46
Industrialisation View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Industrialised agriculture, 11–12
Inequalities of climate change
consumption, 193–194
environmental resources, 204
inequalities between countries and climate change, 161–177
inequalities in command over planetary resources, 173–176
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
interlocked inequalities, 176–177
wealth and income, 160
Infrastructures, 109–110
electricity grids, 184–185
road, 149–150
Intensive capitalist agriculture of Britain, 46–47
Intensive industrialisation of Soviet bloc, 55
Interglacial period, 5–6
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 93
Interlocked inequalities, 176–177
International Energy Authority, 1–2
International Panel on Climate Change, 14, 25–26
Japan, economy in, 144–145
Kyoto Protocol, 14
Labour, 35–36, 40–41
labour-saving devices, 138–139
qualifications of, 194
quantities of abstract labour time, 58–59
regimes, 58
Lancashire textile mills, 181
Land conversion in United States, 80
Land cultivation, 55–56
Land resources, 94–95
Land system change, 9–10
Land use, 69, 76
change, 3–4, 6–7, 11–12, 65, 69, 95–96, 182–183
intensification, 65
Land-extensification, 103–104
Landownership, 98–101
Lenin’s pronouncement, 131–132
Lithium-ion batteries, 202
Little Ice Age, 2
Lock-in concept, 139
Long View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Louisiana Purchase of 1803, 80
Low level cooperatives, 98–99
Madeiran self-destructive ecological disaster, 40
Market capitalism, 147
Marx’s model of capitalist economy, 58–59
Marx’s theory of capitalism, 58–59
Marxism, 34–35
Marxist conceptualisations, 57–59
Matthew Effect, 51
Meat transitions, 122–123
Metabolic rift, 34, 46, 50, 132–133
Methane (CH4), 5–6, 12–13, 96, 101
Mexico, 83–84
Microsoft, 170–171
Model T Ford, 148–149
Money-Commodities-Moneyplus circuit, 45–46, 49–51
Motorisation, 189
of society, 149–150
Multinational fast-food retailers, 104
National Determined Contributions (NDCs), 93
National greenhouse gas emissions, 23–24
National historical developments, 18
National Institute of Space Research (INPE), 116–117
National political economies, 177
National territorial resource environments, 189
National wealth creation process, 192
Native Americans, 83–84
Nazism, 19–20
Nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx emissions), 13–14
Nitrogen phosphate fertilizers, 8–9
Nitrous oxide (N2O), 96, 101
Ocean(ic) acidification, 9–12
Oil, space and, 188–189
Oil dependency, car and, 152–153
Organic energy, 90–91
Oriental despotism, 32–33
Ozone depletion, 11–12
Pandemic, 32, 182–183
Paris Agreement (2015), 1, 120, 176, 196–197, 201–202
People’s Communes, 98–99
Permafrost thawing, 12–13
Physical fixes, 16
Pigs, 103
Planetary boundaries, 9–11, 15
analysis, 25–26
framework, 12–13
Plantations, 55–56
Planting societies, 181
Political economy, 95, 131–132
Politics, 197–198
of climate change, 60–61
of food, 96
Post-Mao Tse Tung reform, 98–99
Post-Soviet economies, 172–173
Power generation technologies, 129
Pre-fossil energy, 70
Producer-consumer configuration, 97
Production, 57, 97, 104, 156–157
Production-distribution-exchange-consumption configurations (PDEC configurations), 55–57, 97, 104, 156–157
Profit-making enterprises, 169–170
Provisional landownership, 109–110
Qualifications of labour, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources, 192–193
Quality distinction, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation, 200–201
Rapid acceleration, 43
Raw materials, 40–41
Re-collectivisation, 98–99
Re-individualisation, 98–99
Re-wilding, 200–201
Red River War, 84–85
Reforestation, 200–201
Regional electrification, 134–135
Regional grid systems, 134
Renewable energy, 14–15
Renewable fuel, 72–73
Resource environments, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE), 136–137
Rice cultivation, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Earth System
, 8–13, 31
climate emergency
, 16
natural science
, 45–46
Earth’s atmosphere
, 182–183
Earth’s atmospheric change
, 31–32
Earth’s biophysical system
, 14–15
Ecological crisis
, 8–9, 46–47
of China’s water resources
, 101–102
of mid-nineteenth century agriculture
, 47–48
Ecological Marxism
, 49–50
Economy/economies
, 33–34, 95
of capital
, 33–34
of capitalism
, 52
dynamic of capitalism
, 36
of money
, 51–52
transformations
, 60–61
Egalitarian land distribution
, 99–100
Electricity
, 171–172
Electrification
, 189
Electrifying societies
, 131–146
Energy
, 40–41, 65–66, 145–146
Engine capacities
, 148–149
English sociogenic trilemma perspective
, 71
Environmental characteristics
, 36
Environmental degradation
, 13–14
Environmental Marxists
, 34
Environmental Protection Agency
, 120
Environmental regulations
, 102–103
Environmental resources
, 20, 25–26, 184
Environmental science
, 64
Environmental scientists
, 8
Ethnic cleansing
, 55–56, 80, 84–85, 91
European capitalism
, 39–40
European energy resources
, 73–74
European feudalism
, 32–33
European Union
, 153–154
Exchange
market
, 19
value
, 35–36
Exploitation of nature
, 203–204
Export-driven agricultural growth
, 114
Extensification
, 109–110
Facebook
, 170–171
Factory-produced worsteds complemented cotton textiles
, 75–76
Farmer Professional Cooperatives
, 101–102
Farming extensification
, 113–114
Fascism
, 19–20
Feeding the crisis. See also Ecological crisis
, 93
Bolsonaro-Trump Climate Change Accelerator Pedal
, 119–121
Brazilian beef exports to China in tonnes
, 105
Brazilian sociogenic trajectory
, 107–121
Chinese sociogenic trajectory
, 98–107
contrasting sociogenic trajectories and attraction of opposites
, 121–123, 125–126
units of analysis and policy implications
, 125–128
First World War
, 174
Flex-Fuel Vehicles
, 67–68, 149–150
Food
, 40–41
contribution
, 93
food-energy-climate change
, 64, 94–95
policy
, 98–99
security
, 98–99
transport
, 65–66
Forward Brazil (2000–2003)
, 109–110
Fossil energy
, 65–66, 70
Fossil fuels
burning
, 3–4
energy
, 58
Foundational proposition
, 35–36
Free labour
, 41
Freshwater use
, 9–10
Fuelling crisis
electrifying societies
, 131, 140, 146
powering into climate emergency
, 156–158
Fukushima nuclear power disaster
, 191
General purpose money, 52–53
Generic capitalism, 82–83
Genesis, 31
Genocides, 55–56, 80, 183–184
Geological time, 7
Ghost acres, 90–91
Global warming, 12–13, 25–26, 37
Globalisation, 191–192
Great Britain, 83
Great Depression, 158, 185–186
Great Divergence, The, 4, 17–18, 82–83, 159, 166, 192
Great Transformation, The
, 19–20
Green coal, 132–133
Green economy, 202
Green New Deal, 185–186, 198–202
Green revolutionary transformation, 92
Greenhouse gases (GHG), 14–15, 63, 65–66, 93, 162, 166, 177
emissions, 81, 94–95, 198
generation, 96–97
societal generation of, 171–172
Greenland Ice Cap, 12–13
Hard coal, 142
Historical materialism, 32–33, 54–55
Historical materialist conception of economy fit, 33–34
Historical time, 7
Holocene, 4–6
Hothouse Earth, 14–15
Household Responsibility System, 98–101
Hukou registration system, 99–100
Human activity, 31
Humanity, 16, 19
Hydroelectric power, 136–137
Indian Removal Act (1830), 84–85
Individual wealth inequalities, 164
Individualisation, 98–99
Industrial capitalism, 58–59, 159–160, 172–173
Industrial Revolution, 31–32, 70
Industrialisation, 6–7, 45–46
Industrialisation View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Industrialised agriculture, 11–12
Inequalities of climate change
consumption, 193–194
environmental resources, 204
inequalities between countries and climate change, 161–177
inequalities in command over planetary resources, 173–176
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
interlocked inequalities, 176–177
wealth and income, 160
Infrastructures, 109–110
electricity grids, 184–185
road, 149–150
Intensive capitalist agriculture of Britain, 46–47
Intensive industrialisation of Soviet bloc, 55
Interglacial period, 5–6
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 93
Interlocked inequalities, 176–177
International Energy Authority, 1–2
International Panel on Climate Change, 14, 25–26
Japan, economy in, 144–145
Kyoto Protocol, 14
Labour, 35–36, 40–41
labour-saving devices, 138–139
qualifications of, 194
quantities of abstract labour time, 58–59
regimes, 58
Lancashire textile mills, 181
Land conversion in United States, 80
Land cultivation, 55–56
Land resources, 94–95
Land system change, 9–10
Land use, 69, 76
change, 3–4, 6–7, 11–12, 65, 69, 95–96, 182–183
intensification, 65
Land-extensification, 103–104
Landownership, 98–101
Lenin’s pronouncement, 131–132
Lithium-ion batteries, 202
Little Ice Age, 2
Lock-in concept, 139
Long View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Louisiana Purchase of 1803, 80
Low level cooperatives, 98–99
Madeiran self-destructive ecological disaster, 40
Market capitalism, 147
Marx’s model of capitalist economy, 58–59
Marx’s theory of capitalism, 58–59
Marxism, 34–35
Marxist conceptualisations, 57–59
Matthew Effect, 51
Meat transitions, 122–123
Metabolic rift, 34, 46, 50, 132–133
Methane (CH4), 5–6, 12–13, 96, 101
Mexico, 83–84
Microsoft, 170–171
Model T Ford, 148–149
Money-Commodities-Moneyplus circuit, 45–46, 49–51
Motorisation, 189
of society, 149–150
Multinational fast-food retailers, 104
National Determined Contributions (NDCs), 93
National greenhouse gas emissions, 23–24
National historical developments, 18
National Institute of Space Research (INPE), 116–117
National political economies, 177
National territorial resource environments, 189
National wealth creation process, 192
Native Americans, 83–84
Nazism, 19–20
Nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx emissions), 13–14
Nitrogen phosphate fertilizers, 8–9
Nitrous oxide (N2O), 96, 101
Ocean(ic) acidification, 9–12
Oil, space and, 188–189
Oil dependency, car and, 152–153
Organic energy, 90–91
Oriental despotism, 32–33
Ozone depletion, 11–12
Pandemic, 32, 182–183
Paris Agreement (2015), 1, 120, 176, 196–197, 201–202
People’s Communes, 98–99
Permafrost thawing, 12–13
Physical fixes, 16
Pigs, 103
Planetary boundaries, 9–11, 15
analysis, 25–26
framework, 12–13
Plantations, 55–56
Planting societies, 181
Political economy, 95, 131–132
Politics, 197–198
of climate change, 60–61
of food, 96
Post-Mao Tse Tung reform, 98–99
Post-Soviet economies, 172–173
Power generation technologies, 129
Pre-fossil energy, 70
Producer-consumer configuration, 97
Production, 57, 97, 104, 156–157
Production-distribution-exchange-consumption configurations (PDEC configurations), 55–57, 97, 104, 156–157
Profit-making enterprises, 169–170
Provisional landownership, 109–110
Qualifications of labour, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources, 192–193
Quality distinction, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation, 200–201
Rapid acceleration, 43
Raw materials, 40–41
Re-collectivisation, 98–99
Re-individualisation, 98–99
Re-wilding, 200–201
Red River War, 84–85
Reforestation, 200–201
Regional electrification, 134–135
Regional grid systems, 134
Renewable energy, 14–15
Renewable fuel, 72–73
Resource environments, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE), 136–137
Rice cultivation, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
General purpose money
, 52–53
Generic capitalism
, 82–83
Genesis
, 31
Genocides
, 55–56, 80, 183–184
Geological time
, 7
Ghost acres
, 90–91
Global warming
, 12–13, 25–26, 37
Globalisation
, 191–192
Great Britain
, 83
Great Depression
, 158, 185–186
Great Divergence, The
, 4, 17–18, 82–83, 159, 166, 192
Great Transformation, The
, 19–20
Green coal
, 132–133
Green economy
, 202
Green New Deal
, 185–186, 198–202
Green revolutionary transformation
, 92
Greenhouse gases (GHG)
, 14–15, 63, 65–66, 93, 162, 166, 177
emissions
, 81, 94–95, 198
generation
, 96–97
societal generation of
, 171–172
Greenland Ice Cap
, 12–13
Hard coal
, 142
Historical materialism
, 32–33, 54–55
Historical materialist conception of economy fit
, 33–34
Historical time
, 7
Holocene
, 4–6
Hothouse Earth
, 14–15
Household Responsibility System
, 98–101
Hukou registration system
, 99–100
Human activity
, 31
Humanity
, 16, 19
Hydroelectric power
, 136–137
Indian Removal Act (1830), 84–85
Individual wealth inequalities, 164
Individualisation, 98–99
Industrial capitalism, 58–59, 159–160, 172–173
Industrial Revolution, 31–32, 70
Industrialisation, 6–7, 45–46
Industrialisation View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Industrialised agriculture, 11–12
Inequalities of climate change
consumption, 193–194
environmental resources, 204
inequalities between countries and climate change, 161–177
inequalities in command over planetary resources, 173–176
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
interlocked inequalities, 176–177
wealth and income, 160
Infrastructures, 109–110
electricity grids, 184–185
road, 149–150
Intensive capitalist agriculture of Britain, 46–47
Intensive industrialisation of Soviet bloc, 55
Interglacial period, 5–6
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 93
Interlocked inequalities, 176–177
International Energy Authority, 1–2
International Panel on Climate Change, 14, 25–26
Japan, economy in, 144–145
Kyoto Protocol, 14
Labour, 35–36, 40–41
labour-saving devices, 138–139
qualifications of, 194
quantities of abstract labour time, 58–59
regimes, 58
Lancashire textile mills, 181
Land conversion in United States, 80
Land cultivation, 55–56
Land resources, 94–95
Land system change, 9–10
Land use, 69, 76
change, 3–4, 6–7, 11–12, 65, 69, 95–96, 182–183
intensification, 65
Land-extensification, 103–104
Landownership, 98–101
Lenin’s pronouncement, 131–132
Lithium-ion batteries, 202
Little Ice Age, 2
Lock-in concept, 139
Long View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Louisiana Purchase of 1803, 80
Low level cooperatives, 98–99
Madeiran self-destructive ecological disaster, 40
Market capitalism, 147
Marx’s model of capitalist economy, 58–59
Marx’s theory of capitalism, 58–59
Marxism, 34–35
Marxist conceptualisations, 57–59
Matthew Effect, 51
Meat transitions, 122–123
Metabolic rift, 34, 46, 50, 132–133
Methane (CH4), 5–6, 12–13, 96, 101
Mexico, 83–84
Microsoft, 170–171
Model T Ford, 148–149
Money-Commodities-Moneyplus circuit, 45–46, 49–51
Motorisation, 189
of society, 149–150
Multinational fast-food retailers, 104
National Determined Contributions (NDCs), 93
National greenhouse gas emissions, 23–24
National historical developments, 18
National Institute of Space Research (INPE), 116–117
National political economies, 177
National territorial resource environments, 189
National wealth creation process, 192
Native Americans, 83–84
Nazism, 19–20
Nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx emissions), 13–14
Nitrogen phosphate fertilizers, 8–9
Nitrous oxide (N2O), 96, 101
Ocean(ic) acidification, 9–12
Oil, space and, 188–189
Oil dependency, car and, 152–153
Organic energy, 90–91
Oriental despotism, 32–33
Ozone depletion, 11–12
Pandemic, 32, 182–183
Paris Agreement (2015), 1, 120, 176, 196–197, 201–202
People’s Communes, 98–99
Permafrost thawing, 12–13
Physical fixes, 16
Pigs, 103
Planetary boundaries, 9–11, 15
analysis, 25–26
framework, 12–13
Plantations, 55–56
Planting societies, 181
Political economy, 95, 131–132
Politics, 197–198
of climate change, 60–61
of food, 96
Post-Mao Tse Tung reform, 98–99
Post-Soviet economies, 172–173
Power generation technologies, 129
Pre-fossil energy, 70
Producer-consumer configuration, 97
Production, 57, 97, 104, 156–157
Production-distribution-exchange-consumption configurations (PDEC configurations), 55–57, 97, 104, 156–157
Profit-making enterprises, 169–170
Provisional landownership, 109–110
Qualifications of labour, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources, 192–193
Quality distinction, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation, 200–201
Rapid acceleration, 43
Raw materials, 40–41
Re-collectivisation, 98–99
Re-individualisation, 98–99
Re-wilding, 200–201
Red River War, 84–85
Reforestation, 200–201
Regional electrification, 134–135
Regional grid systems, 134
Renewable energy, 14–15
Renewable fuel, 72–73
Resource environments, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE), 136–137
Rice cultivation, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Indian Removal Act (1830)
, 84–85
Individual wealth inequalities
, 164
Individualisation
, 98–99
Industrial capitalism
, 58–59, 159–160, 172–173
Industrial Revolution
, 31–32, 70
Industrialisation
, 6–7, 45–46
Industrialisation View of anthropogenic climate change
, 6–7
Industrialised agriculture
, 11–12
Inequalities of climate change
consumption
, 193–194
environmental resources
, 204
inequalities between countries and climate change
, 161–177
inequalities in command over planetary resources
, 173–176
inequalities within societies and climate change
, 163–173
interlocked inequalities
, 176–177
wealth and income
, 160
Infrastructures
, 109–110
electricity grids
, 184–185
road
, 149–150
Intensive capitalist agriculture of Britain
, 46–47
Intensive industrialisation of Soviet bloc
, 55
Interglacial period
, 5–6
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
, 93
Interlocked inequalities
, 176–177
International Energy Authority
, 1–2
International Panel on Climate Change
, 14, 25–26
Japan, economy in
, 144–145
Kyoto Protocol, 14
Labour, 35–36, 40–41
labour-saving devices, 138–139
qualifications of, 194
quantities of abstract labour time, 58–59
regimes, 58
Lancashire textile mills, 181
Land conversion in United States, 80
Land cultivation, 55–56
Land resources, 94–95
Land system change, 9–10
Land use, 69, 76
change, 3–4, 6–7, 11–12, 65, 69, 95–96, 182–183
intensification, 65
Land-extensification, 103–104
Landownership, 98–101
Lenin’s pronouncement, 131–132
Lithium-ion batteries, 202
Little Ice Age, 2
Lock-in concept, 139
Long View of anthropogenic climate change, 6–7
Louisiana Purchase of 1803, 80
Low level cooperatives, 98–99
Madeiran self-destructive ecological disaster, 40
Market capitalism, 147
Marx’s model of capitalist economy, 58–59
Marx’s theory of capitalism, 58–59
Marxism, 34–35
Marxist conceptualisations, 57–59
Matthew Effect, 51
Meat transitions, 122–123
Metabolic rift, 34, 46, 50, 132–133
Methane (CH4), 5–6, 12–13, 96, 101
Mexico, 83–84
Microsoft, 170–171
Model T Ford, 148–149
Money-Commodities-Moneyplus circuit, 45–46, 49–51
Motorisation, 189
of society, 149–150
Multinational fast-food retailers, 104
National Determined Contributions (NDCs), 93
National greenhouse gas emissions, 23–24
National historical developments, 18
National Institute of Space Research (INPE), 116–117
National political economies, 177
National territorial resource environments, 189
National wealth creation process, 192
Native Americans, 83–84
Nazism, 19–20
Nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx emissions), 13–14
Nitrogen phosphate fertilizers, 8–9
Nitrous oxide (N2O), 96, 101
Ocean(ic) acidification, 9–12
Oil, space and, 188–189
Oil dependency, car and, 152–153
Organic energy, 90–91
Oriental despotism, 32–33
Ozone depletion, 11–12
Pandemic, 32, 182–183
Paris Agreement (2015), 1, 120, 176, 196–197, 201–202
People’s Communes, 98–99
Permafrost thawing, 12–13
Physical fixes, 16
Pigs, 103
Planetary boundaries, 9–11, 15
analysis, 25–26
framework, 12–13
Plantations, 55–56
Planting societies, 181
Political economy, 95, 131–132
Politics, 197–198
of climate change, 60–61
of food, 96
Post-Mao Tse Tung reform, 98–99
Post-Soviet economies, 172–173
Power generation technologies, 129
Pre-fossil energy, 70
Producer-consumer configuration, 97
Production, 57, 97, 104, 156–157
Production-distribution-exchange-consumption configurations (PDEC configurations), 55–57, 97, 104, 156–157
Profit-making enterprises, 169–170
Provisional landownership, 109–110
Qualifications of labour, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources, 192–193
Quality distinction, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation, 200–201
Rapid acceleration, 43
Raw materials, 40–41
Re-collectivisation, 98–99
Re-individualisation, 98–99
Re-wilding, 200–201
Red River War, 84–85
Reforestation, 200–201
Regional electrification, 134–135
Regional grid systems, 134
Renewable energy, 14–15
Renewable fuel, 72–73
Resource environments, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE), 136–137
Rice cultivation, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Kyoto Protocol
, 14
Labour
, 35–36, 40–41
labour-saving devices
, 138–139
qualifications of
, 194
quantities of abstract labour time
, 58–59
regimes
, 58
Lancashire textile mills
, 181
Land conversion in United States
, 80
Land cultivation
, 55–56
Land resources
, 94–95
Land system change
, 9–10
Land use
, 69, 76
change
, 3–4, 6–7, 11–12, 65, 69, 95–96, 182–183
intensification
, 65
Land-extensification
, 103–104
Landownership
, 98–101
Lenin’s pronouncement
, 131–132
Lithium-ion batteries
, 202
Little Ice Age
, 2
Lock-in concept
, 139
Long View of anthropogenic climate change
, 6–7
Louisiana Purchase of 1803
, 80
Low level cooperatives
, 98–99
Madeiran self-destructive ecological disaster, 40
Market capitalism, 147
Marx’s model of capitalist economy, 58–59
Marx’s theory of capitalism, 58–59
Marxism, 34–35
Marxist conceptualisations, 57–59
Matthew Effect, 51
Meat transitions, 122–123
Metabolic rift, 34, 46, 50, 132–133
Methane (CH4), 5–6, 12–13, 96, 101
Mexico, 83–84
Microsoft, 170–171
Model T Ford, 148–149
Money-Commodities-Moneyplus circuit, 45–46, 49–51
Motorisation, 189
of society, 149–150
Multinational fast-food retailers, 104
National Determined Contributions (NDCs), 93
National greenhouse gas emissions, 23–24
National historical developments, 18
National Institute of Space Research (INPE), 116–117
National political economies, 177
National territorial resource environments, 189
National wealth creation process, 192
Native Americans, 83–84
Nazism, 19–20
Nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx emissions), 13–14
Nitrogen phosphate fertilizers, 8–9
Nitrous oxide (N2O), 96, 101
Ocean(ic) acidification, 9–12
Oil, space and, 188–189
Oil dependency, car and, 152–153
Organic energy, 90–91
Oriental despotism, 32–33
Ozone depletion, 11–12
Pandemic, 32, 182–183
Paris Agreement (2015), 1, 120, 176, 196–197, 201–202
People’s Communes, 98–99
Permafrost thawing, 12–13
Physical fixes, 16
Pigs, 103
Planetary boundaries, 9–11, 15
analysis, 25–26
framework, 12–13
Plantations, 55–56
Planting societies, 181
Political economy, 95, 131–132
Politics, 197–198
of climate change, 60–61
of food, 96
Post-Mao Tse Tung reform, 98–99
Post-Soviet economies, 172–173
Power generation technologies, 129
Pre-fossil energy, 70
Producer-consumer configuration, 97
Production, 57, 97, 104, 156–157
Production-distribution-exchange-consumption configurations (PDEC configurations), 55–57, 97, 104, 156–157
Profit-making enterprises, 169–170
Provisional landownership, 109–110
Qualifications of labour, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources, 192–193
Quality distinction, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation, 200–201
Rapid acceleration, 43
Raw materials, 40–41
Re-collectivisation, 98–99
Re-individualisation, 98–99
Re-wilding, 200–201
Red River War, 84–85
Reforestation, 200–201
Regional electrification, 134–135
Regional grid systems, 134
Renewable energy, 14–15
Renewable fuel, 72–73
Resource environments, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE), 136–137
Rice cultivation, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Madeiran self-destructive ecological disaster
, 40
Market capitalism
, 147
Marx’s model of capitalist economy
, 58–59
Marx’s theory of capitalism
, 58–59
Marxism
, 34–35
Marxist conceptualisations
, 57–59
Matthew Effect
, 51
Meat transitions
, 122–123
Metabolic rift
, 34, 46, 50, 132–133
Methane (CH4)
, 5–6, 12–13, 96, 101
Mexico
, 83–84
Microsoft
, 170–171
Model T Ford
, 148–149
Money-Commodities-Moneyplus circuit
, 45–46, 49–51
Motorisation
, 189
of society
, 149–150
Multinational fast-food retailers
, 104
National Determined Contributions (NDCs)
, 93
National greenhouse gas emissions
, 23–24
National historical developments
, 18
National Institute of Space Research (INPE)
, 116–117
National political economies
, 177
National territorial resource environments
, 189
National wealth creation process
, 192
Native Americans
, 83–84
Nazism
, 19–20
Nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx emissions)
, 13–14
Nitrogen phosphate fertilizers
, 8–9
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
, 96, 101
Ocean(ic) acidification, 9–12
Oil, space and, 188–189
Oil dependency, car and, 152–153
Organic energy, 90–91
Oriental despotism, 32–33
Ozone depletion, 11–12
Pandemic, 32, 182–183
Paris Agreement (2015), 1, 120, 176, 196–197, 201–202
People’s Communes, 98–99
Permafrost thawing, 12–13
Physical fixes, 16
Pigs, 103
Planetary boundaries, 9–11, 15
analysis, 25–26
framework, 12–13
Plantations, 55–56
Planting societies, 181
Political economy, 95, 131–132
Politics, 197–198
of climate change, 60–61
of food, 96
Post-Mao Tse Tung reform, 98–99
Post-Soviet economies, 172–173
Power generation technologies, 129
Pre-fossil energy, 70
Producer-consumer configuration, 97
Production, 57, 97, 104, 156–157
Production-distribution-exchange-consumption configurations (PDEC configurations), 55–57, 97, 104, 156–157
Profit-making enterprises, 169–170
Provisional landownership, 109–110
Qualifications of labour, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources, 192–193
Quality distinction, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation, 200–201
Rapid acceleration, 43
Raw materials, 40–41
Re-collectivisation, 98–99
Re-individualisation, 98–99
Re-wilding, 200–201
Red River War, 84–85
Reforestation, 200–201
Regional electrification, 134–135
Regional grid systems, 134
Renewable energy, 14–15
Renewable fuel, 72–73
Resource environments, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE), 136–137
Rice cultivation, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Ocean(ic) acidification
, 9–12
Oil, space and
, 188–189
Oil dependency, car and
, 152–153
Organic energy
, 90–91
Oriental despotism
, 32–33
Ozone depletion
, 11–12
Pandemic
, 32, 182–183
Paris Agreement (2015)
, 1, 120, 176, 196–197, 201–202
People’s Communes
, 98–99
Permafrost thawing
, 12–13
Physical fixes
, 16
Pigs
, 103
Planetary boundaries
, 9–11, 15
analysis
, 25–26
framework
, 12–13
Plantations
, 55–56
Planting societies
, 181
Political economy
, 95, 131–132
Politics
, 197–198
of climate change
, 60–61
of food
, 96
Post-Mao Tse Tung reform
, 98–99
Post-Soviet economies
, 172–173
Power generation technologies
, 129
Pre-fossil energy
, 70
Producer-consumer configuration
, 97
Production
, 57, 97, 104, 156–157
Production-distribution-exchange-consumption configurations (PDEC configurations)
, 55–57, 97, 104, 156–157
Profit-making enterprises
, 169–170
Provisional landownership
, 109–110
Qualifications of labour, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources, 192–193
Quality distinction, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation, 200–201
Rapid acceleration, 43
Raw materials, 40–41
Re-collectivisation, 98–99
Re-individualisation, 98–99
Re-wilding, 200–201
Red River War, 84–85
Reforestation, 200–201
Regional electrification, 134–135
Regional grid systems, 134
Renewable energy, 14–15
Renewable fuel, 72–73
Resource environments, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE), 136–137
Rice cultivation, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Qualifications of labour
, 194
Qualitative transformation of environmental resources
, 192–193
Quality distinction
, 169–170
Quasi-market monopolies
, 170–171
Radical socioeconomic transformation
, 200–201
Rapid acceleration
, 43
Raw materials
, 40–41
Re-collectivisation
, 98–99
Re-individualisation
, 98–99
Re-wilding
, 200–201
Red River War
, 84–85
Reforestation
, 200–201
Regional electrification
, 134–135
Regional grid systems
, 134
Renewable energy
, 14–15
Renewable fuel
, 72–73
Resource environments
, 83–84, 184, 189
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE)
, 136–137
Rice cultivation
, 182–183
Rural Environmental Registry
, 116–117
Safe operating space for humanity, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation, 110–111
Scale of deforestation, 10–11
Second World War, 174
Self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture, 40
Settler colonisation, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation, 39–40
Slavery, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities, 159–160
Social science approach, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions, 168
Societal inequalities, 131
Societal variation, 135–136
Society/societies, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of, 135–136
electrifying societies, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change, 163–173
motorisation of, 147
Socio-economic inequalities, 24–25
Sociogenesis, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19, 26–28
climate change, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories, 202
Sociogenic analysis, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism, 58
Sociogenic inequalities, 25–26
Sociopolitical process, 8–9
Solar energy, 35–36
Soviet political economies, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy, 184–185
Soyabeans, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV), 150–151
State intervention, 111–112, 199
Steam power, 43–44
Strategic political decisions, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion, 9–10
Sugar, 94–95
Suspension, 148–149
Sustainability crises, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA), 185–186
Texas, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation, 98–99
Transactional market thinking, 20
Trilemma, 66–67
food-energy-climate change, 65
Tsarist government, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene, 37–46
metabolic rift, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Safe operating space for humanity
, 15
Sao Paulo Research Foundation
, 110–111
Scale of deforestation
, 10–11
Second World War
, 174
Self-destructing capitalism
, 34–37
Semi-industrialised agriculture
, 40
Settler colonisation
, 66–67, 84–85
Sheep
, 76, 81–82
Slave plantation
, 39–40
Slavery
, 40–41, 203–204
Social inequalities
, 159–160
Social science approach
, 4
Societal generation of greenhouse gases
, 171–172
Societal greenhouse gas emissions
, 168
Societal inequalities
, 131
Societal variation
, 135–136
Society/societies
, 20, 23–24
domestic electrification of
, 135–136
electrifying societies
, 131–146
inequalities within societies and climate change
, 163–173
motorisation of
, 147
Socio-economic inequalities
, 24–25
Sociogenesis
, 4–5, 18–19, 23, 33–34, 54–55, 63–64, 108, 180, 189, 191–192
analysis of COVID-19
, 26–28
climate change
, 17, 26, 28, 60, 146–147, 166, 180, 192–193
historical trajectories
, 202
Sociogenic analysis
, 28–29, 131
Sociogenic approach
, 28–29
Sociogenic climate change
, 63–64
Sociogenic conceptualisation of capitalism
, 58
Sociogenic inequalities
, 25–26
Sociopolitical process
, 8–9
Solar energy
, 35–36
Soviet political economies
, 172–173
Soviet template of electrification energy
, 184–185
Soyabeans
, 103–104, 120–121, 189, 191
Space and oil
, 188–189
Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV)
, 150–151
State intervention
, 111–112, 199
Steam power
, 43–44
Strategic political decisions
, 158
Stratospheric ozone depletion
, 9–10
Sugar
, 94–95
Suspension
, 148–149
Sustainability crises
, 26–28
Sustainable agriculture
, 200–201
TennesSee Valley Authority (TVA)
, 185–186
Texas
, 85–86, 88, 91–92
Three-stage collectivisation
, 98–99
Transactional market thinking
, 20
Trilemma
, 66–67
food-energy-climate change
, 65
Tsarist government
, 132
Twenty-first-century historical materialism
Capitalocene
, 37–46
metabolic rift
, 46–50
self-destructing capitalism
, 34–37
unequal ecological exchange
, 50–61
UN hosted climate conferences, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report, 176
Universal metabolism of nature, 47
Urbanisation, 6–7
Vital signs, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station, 133–134
Volkswagen, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
UN hosted climate conferences
, 28–29
Unequal ecological exchange
, 50–61
United Nations Emissions Gap report
, 176
Universal metabolism of nature
, 47
Urbanisation
, 6–7
Vital signs
, 14–15
Volkhov hydropower station
, 133–134
Volkswagen
, 149–150
Wage labour, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine), 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine, 38
Wealth inequalities, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal, 132–133
Woollen textile production, 74–75
World Trade Organisation, 28–29, 103–104
Wage labour
, 40–41, 203–204
Watt, James (designer of coal-fired steam engine)
, 4–5, 8–9
Watt’s steam engine
, 38
Wealth inequalities
, 159, 168–169, 172, 203–204
White coal
, 132–133
Woollen textile production
, 74–75
World Trade Organisation
, 28–29, 103–104
- Prelims
- 1 Climate Emergency
- 2 A Twenty-first-century Historical Materialism Fit for the Climate Emergency
- 3 Historical Pathways to Climate Change
- 4 Feeding the Crisis: How Opposites Attract, the Trajectories of China and Brazil
- 5 Fuelling the Crisis: Electrifying Societies, Motoring in Societal Spaces
- 6 Inequalities of Climate Change
- 7 Into and out of(???) the Climate Emergency
- Glossary
- References
- Index