Index

The Evolution of the British Funeral Industry in the 20th Century: From Undertaker to Funeral Director

ISBN: 978-1-78743-630-5, eISBN: 978-1-78743-629-9

Publication date: 20 March 2018

This content is currently only available as a PDF

Citation

Parsons, B. (2018), "Index", The Evolution of the British Funeral Industry in the 20th Century: From Undertaker to Funeral Director (Emerald Studies in Death and Culture), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 269-272. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78743-629-920171012

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © Brian Parsons, 2018


INDEX

American funeral
, 36, 37, 42, 185, 222

Anatomical specimens
, 53–54

Ashes
, 12, 18n54, 35, 83, 97, 110, 123, 157

Bereavement
, 43, 153, 158, 170, 210, 219, 230–231

British Embalmers’ Society (BES)
, 56

British Funeral Workers’ Association (BFWA)
, 173

British Institute of Embalmers (BIE)

founding
, 62

membership
, 215–216

British Institute of Funeral Directors (BIFD)
, 215

British Undertakers’ Association (BUA),

founding
, 126

and Miller v Hurry
, 173–174

Brookwood Cemetery
, 27

Burial, woodland
, 7, 75

Carriage master
, 5, 103, 107, 112, 113, 118, 126, 127, 131, 132134, 141, 142, 157, 173, 204

Caskets,

for ashes
, 97

metal
, 91, 92

open
, 72

Cocoanut Grove Fire
, 230n,131

College of Arms
, 4, 26

Cemeteries, woodland
, 19, 20, 96

Centralisation, funerals managed by
, 132, 134–135, 142–144, 153, 228

Chapels of rest,

in crematoria
, 35

dedication
, 31

design
, 30

use of
, 34, 39–40, 46–47

Co-operatives societies,

Birmingham
, 39

insurance society
, 129

retail
, 150

royal arsenal
, 30, 133, 186

scotmid
, 150, 159

wholesale
, 157

Co-operative Funeralcare
, 26, 48, 135, 145, 150, 154, 158, 162, 164, 166, 191, 213

Co-operative Group Ltd
, 150

Coffins

alternative
, 90–92

children’s
, 78

construction
, 35, 129, 130

cremation
, 11, 82, 87–89, 93

furniture
, 93–98

labour-saving
, 87

lead
, 88, 79, 116

linings
, 93–94, 98

mass-produced
, 85, 132

metal
, 87, 88, 117

MDF
, 81, 91, 93, 94, 96

nameplates
, 93–94

suppliers
, 83–84

Consumers’ Association
, 189, 191–194

Cremation

ashes caskets
, 96, 97

certification
, 74

coffins
, 11, 82, 87–89, 93

development of
, 82, 87, 97, 119–120

during twentieth century
, 11

early
, 10, 11

transport and
, 119–123

open air
, 20

Death

at home
, 8, 10, 23–26

benefit
, 129, 130, 171

certificates
, 21, 205, 225

grant
, 171, 178, 180, 183–189

in hospital
, 9

in twentieth century
, 6–8

‘sleeping’
, 72, 229

Death Café Movement
, 21

Decomposition
, 23, 51, 67, 70, 83, 229

Dickens, Charles
, 5, 167, 181

Dignity Plc.,
, 135, 149, 210

Dry ice
, 67

Dottridge Bros
, 28, 55, 58, 61, 67, 83, 84, 88–91, 97, 101

DWP Funeral Expenses Payment
, 189

Education

embalmers
, 219

funeral directors
, 214–215, 219–222

Embalmers

full-time
, 64, 68, 70

number of
, 68, 229

Embalming

ancient
, 46, 53

cost of
, 59, 68–69

environmental issues and
, 75–76

fluids
, 57n39

history
, 53–64

introduction into UK
, 54–56

in US
, 53–64

modern arterial
, 53–64

permanent
, 59

progress of
, 64–71

theatres
, 40, 46–47, 74

Family firms
, 125, 132, 137, 145, 151, 159, 160, 163

Federation of British Crematorium Authorities (FBCA)
, 89

Field, J.D.
, 140n41

Funeral accounts
, 78, 178, 195, 206

Funeral advisers
, 157

Funeral arrangements
, 12, 27, 122, 129, 183, 191, 194, 235

Funeral ceremonies

contemporary
, 17–19

‘green’
, 12, 19, 20

historic
, 11–22

Funeral costs

consumer interest
, 189–197

reports
, 189, 191, 193, 194

Funeral directors

and allegations of corruption and overcharging
, 6, 195, 202

as crematoria owners
, 164–166

and professionalisation
, 200–202, 213–235

code of practice
, 152, 191, 193–4, 215, 217

dual-activity
, 134

female
, 136

internet-based
, 157

language
, 224–225

municipalisation
, 174–181

nationalisation
, 181–182, 218

qualification
, 219–223, 214–216

registration
, 56, 167, 179–180, 186, 192, 203, 214, 216–219

regulation
, 46, 177, 214–216, 165

and retention of trading names
, 160–164

Funeral homes
, 36, 38, 39, 41–45, 47, 60, 181

Funeral Ombudsman Scheme (FOS)
, 152, 224

Funeral Partners
, 135, 150, 151, 154

Funeral Planning Council
, 152

Funeral reform, of ceremonies
, 11–22

Funeral Standards Council (FSC)
, 193

Great Southern Group
, 133, 139, 140, 146, 147, 155, 156, 165, 190

Hearse

horse-drawn
, 99, 100, 102–108, 112

motor
, 16, 105–109, 115, 118, 121, 130, 172

Hodgson, Howard
, 137–142, 146–148, 161, 187, 211, 226

Kenyon J.H.
, 52, 57, 59, 80, 102, 105, 112, 116, 126, 133, 139, 141, 142

Laying-out
, 34, 36, 49–52, 207, 231

Local authority funerals
, 176, 177, 179–181, 195

London Funeral Carriage Proprietor’s Association (LFCPA)
, 172

Mergers and acquisitions
, 139–148

Monopolies and Mergers Commission (MMC)
, 134, 148

Motor hearse

introduction
, 110–111

models
, 111–112

wartime restrictions
, 113–115, 192, 195

Mortuaries

private
, 27, 28, 30, 39, 42, 47

public
, 24, 25, 29, 33

Municipal funerals
, 174–179, 183–189

National Association of Cemetery and Crematorium Superintendents (NACCS)

National Association of Funeral Directors (NAFD),
, 190–194, 205, 21–211, 214–215, 220, 223–224, 230, 235

National Society of Allied and Independent Funeral Directors (SAIF)
, 151–154, 160, 164, 194, 215–216, 224

Nationalisation
, 181–182

Natural Death Centre
, 15, 157

Organisation, types of funeral

co-operative
, 129–133, 140, 150, 158–159, 162, 164, 166, 213, 228

department stores
, 126

family/independent
, 127–129, 134–135, 136–139, 145, 154–164

large firms
, 47, 48, 135, 140–147, 149, 159–160

Paine, F.W.
, 10, 26, 30, 44, 47, 100, 105, 109, 116, 117, 119–123, 132, 133, 140, 160, 177

and cremation
, 119–123

and transport
, 117–119

Plantsbrook Group
, 147, 148

Pre-paid funeral plans
, 139, 159, 189–197

Professionalisation

and code of ethics/practice
, 223–224

and the desire to professionalise
, 200–202

and education
, 219–223

and language
, 224–227

and occupational associations
, 214–216

and occupational title
, 227–232

presentational changes
, 224–227

and registration
, 216–219

and stereotypical images
, 225, 232–235

and stigmatisation
, 206–213

Service Corporation International (SCI)
, 73, 134, 147–149, 150, 152–154, 161–162, 164–165

Transport, funerary

and cremation
, 117–119

bearing
, 99

farm carts
, 107, 115

gun carriage
, 107

horse-drawn hearses
, 99, 100, 102–108, 112

international
, 116–117

motor hearses
, 16, 105–109, 115, 118, 121, 130, 172

rail
, 108–110, 114

shouldering the coffin
, 99–100

wheel bier
, 100–102, 172

walking funerals
, 99–100, 114

Undertakers (see funeral directors)

Urns and caskets
, 96, 97, 98

World War I
, 104, 107, 113, 130–131

World War II
, 44, 51, 84, 89–90, 110, 113, 172, 177, 217

Yew Holdings
, 135, 150