Index

Citation

Parsons, B. (2018), "Index", The Evolution of the British Funeral Industry in the 20th Century: From Undertaker to Funeral Director (Emerald Studies in Death and Culture), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 269-272. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78743-629-920171012

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © Brian Parsons, 2018

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INDEX

American funeral

, 36, 37, 42, 185, 222

Anatomical specimens

, 53–54

Ashes

, 12, 18n54, 35, 83, 97, 110, 123, 157

Bereavement

, 43, 153, 158, 170, 210, 219, 230–231

British Embalmers’ Society (BES)

, 56

British Funeral Workers’ Association (BFWA)

, 173

British Institute of Embalmers (BIE)

founding

, 62

membership

, 215–216

British Institute of Funeral Directors (BIFD)

, 215

British Undertakers’ Association (BUA),

founding

, 126

and Miller v Hurry

, 173–174

Brookwood Cemetery

, 27

Burial, woodland

, 7, 75

Carriage master

, 5, 103, 107, 112, 113, 118, 126, 127, 131, 132134, 141, 142, 157, 173, 204

Caskets,

for ashes

, 97

metal

, 91, 92

open

, 72

Cocoanut Grove Fire

, 230n,131

College of Arms

, 4, 26

Cemeteries, woodland

, 19, 20, 96

Centralisation, funerals managed by

, 132, 134–135, 142–144, 153, 228

Chapels of rest,

in crematoria

, 35

dedication

, 31

design

, 30

use of

, 34, 39–40, 46–47

Co-operatives societies,

Birmingham

, 39

insurance society

, 129

retail

, 150

royal arsenal

, 30, 133, 186

scotmid

, 150, 159

wholesale

, 157

Co-operative Funeralcare

, 26, 48, 135, 145, 150, 154, 158, 162, 164, 166, 191, 213

Co-operative Group Ltd

, 150

Coffins

alternative

, 90–92

children’s

, 78

construction

, 35, 129, 130

cremation

, 11, 82, 87–89, 93

furniture

, 93–98

labour-saving

, 87

lead

, 88, 79, 116

linings

, 93–94, 98

mass-produced

, 85, 132

metal

, 87, 88, 117

MDF

, 81, 91, 93, 94, 96

nameplates

, 93–94

suppliers

, 83–84

Consumers’ Association

, 189, 191–194

Cremation

ashes caskets

, 96, 97

certification

, 74

coffins

, 11, 82, 87–89, 93

development of

, 82, 87, 97, 119–120

during twentieth century

, 11

early

, 10, 11

transport and

, 119–123

open air

, 20

Death

at home

, 8, 10, 23–26

benefit

, 129, 130, 171

certificates

, 21, 205, 225

grant

, 171, 178, 180, 183–189

in hospital

, 9

in twentieth century

, 6–8

‘sleeping’

, 72, 229

Death Café Movement

, 21

Decomposition

, 23, 51, 67, 70, 83, 229

Dickens, Charles

, 5, 167, 181

Dignity Plc.,

, 135, 149, 210

Dry ice

, 67

Dottridge Bros

, 28, 55, 58, 61, 67, 83, 84, 88–91, 97, 101

DWP Funeral Expenses Payment

, 189

Education

embalmers

, 219

funeral directors

, 214–215, 219–222

Embalmers

full-time

, 64, 68, 70

number of

, 68, 229

Embalming

ancient

, 46, 53

cost of

, 59, 68–69

environmental issues and

, 75–76

fluids

, 57n39

history

, 53–64

introduction into UK

, 54–56

in US

, 53–64

modern arterial

, 53–64

permanent

, 59

progress of

, 64–71

theatres

, 40, 46–47, 74

Family firms

, 125, 132, 137, 145, 151, 159, 160, 163

Federation of British Crematorium Authorities (FBCA)

, 89

Field, J.D.

, 140n41

Funeral accounts

, 78, 178, 195, 206

Funeral advisers

, 157

Funeral arrangements

, 12, 27, 122, 129, 183, 191, 194, 235

Funeral ceremonies

contemporary

, 17–19

‘green’

, 12, 19, 20

historic

, 11–22

Funeral costs

consumer interest

, 189–197

reports

, 189, 191, 193, 194

Funeral directors

and allegations of corruption and overcharging

, 6, 195, 202

as crematoria owners

, 164–166

and professionalisation

, 200–202, 213–235

code of practice

, 152, 191, 193–4, 215, 217

dual-activity

, 134

female

, 136

internet-based

, 157

language

, 224–225

municipalisation

, 174–181

nationalisation

, 181–182, 218

qualification

, 219–223, 214–216

registration

, 56, 167, 179–180, 186, 192, 203, 214, 216–219

regulation

, 46, 177, 214–216, 165

and retention of trading names

, 160–164

Funeral homes

, 36, 38, 39, 41–45, 47, 60, 181

Funeral Ombudsman Scheme (FOS)

, 152, 224

Funeral Partners

, 135, 150, 151, 154

Funeral Planning Council

, 152

Funeral reform, of ceremonies

, 11–22

Funeral Standards Council (FSC)

, 193

Great Southern Group

, 133, 139, 140, 146, 147, 155, 156, 165, 190

Hearse

horse-drawn

, 99, 100, 102–108, 112

motor

, 16, 105–109, 115, 118, 121, 130, 172

Hodgson, Howard

, 137–142, 146–148, 161, 187, 211, 226

Kenyon J.H.

, 52, 57, 59, 80, 102, 105, 112, 116, 126, 133, 139, 141, 142

Laying-out

, 34, 36, 49–52, 207, 231

Local authority funerals

, 176, 177, 179–181, 195

London Funeral Carriage Proprietor’s Association (LFCPA)

, 172

Mergers and acquisitions

, 139–148

Monopolies and Mergers Commission (MMC)

, 134, 148

Motor hearse

introduction

, 110–111

models

, 111–112

wartime restrictions

, 113–115, 192, 195

Mortuaries

private

, 27, 28, 30, 39, 42, 47

public

, 24, 25, 29, 33

Municipal funerals

, 174–179, 183–189

National Association of Cemetery and Crematorium Superintendents (NACCS)

National Association of Funeral Directors (NAFD),

, 190–194, 205, 21–211, 214–215, 220, 223–224, 230, 235

National Society of Allied and Independent Funeral Directors (SAIF)

, 151–154, 160, 164, 194, 215–216, 224

Nationalisation

, 181–182

Natural Death Centre

, 15, 157

Organisation, types of funeral

co-operative

, 129–133, 140, 150, 158–159, 162, 164, 166, 213, 228

department stores

, 126

family/independent

, 127–129, 134–135, 136–139, 145, 154–164

large firms

, 47, 48, 135, 140–147, 149, 159–160

Paine, F.W.

, 10, 26, 30, 44, 47, 100, 105, 109, 116, 117, 119–123, 132, 133, 140, 160, 177

and cremation

, 119–123

and transport

, 117–119

Plantsbrook Group

, 147, 148

Pre-paid funeral plans

, 139, 159, 189–197

Professionalisation

and code of ethics/practice

, 223–224

and the desire to professionalise

, 200–202

and education

, 219–223

and language

, 224–227

and occupational associations

, 214–216

and occupational title

, 227–232

presentational changes

, 224–227

and registration

, 216–219

and stereotypical images

, 225, 232–235

and stigmatisation

, 206–213

Service Corporation International (SCI)

, 73, 134, 147–149, 150, 152–154, 161–162, 164–165

Transport, funerary

and cremation

, 117–119

bearing

, 99

farm carts

, 107, 115

gun carriage

, 107

horse-drawn hearses

, 99, 100, 102–108, 112

international

, 116–117

motor hearses

, 16, 105–109, 115, 118, 121, 130, 172

rail

, 108–110, 114

shouldering the coffin

, 99–100

wheel bier

, 100–102, 172

walking funerals

, 99–100, 114

Undertakers (see funeral directors)

Urns and caskets

, 96, 97, 98

World War I

, 104, 107, 113, 130–131

World War II

, 44, 51, 84, 89–90, 110, 113, 172, 177, 217

Yew Holdings

, 135, 150