Index

Citation

Marquand, J. and Scott, P. (2018), "Index", Democrats, Authoritarians and the Bologna Process, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 199-208. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78743-439-420181015

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2018 Emerald Publishing Limited

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INDEX

Aberystwyth, Wales

, 128

Accountability

, 8, 11

intelligent

, 8

new public management and

, 31

Agrarian University. See Omsk State Agrarian University

‘Aha!’ moment

, 25

Allégre, Claude

, 37–38

Altruistic exchange

, 22

Andrews, Leighton

, 165

Anglo-Saxon model/system

, 29–30, 43

Aristotle

, 18, 28

Artistic education, in UK

, 130

Ashoka (the Emperor)

, 28

Authoritarianism

, 4, 9, 61, 99, 177, 180, 181

Authoritarianism goes Global (Diamond, Plattner, & Walker)

, 9

Authoritarian regimes

, 9

Autonomy and Change (Marquand)

, 1

Azbukin

, 109

Bachelor’s degree, in Germany

, 82–89

Bakhtin, Mikhail

, 18

Bangor University

, 168

Barlow Report (1946)

, 130

Barnett formula

, 164

Baron-Cohen, S.

, 15, 17, 19

Belarus

, 41

Bergan, Sjur

, 40, 54

Berlinguer, Luigi

, 37

Block grants

, 143–144

Bologna Agreement

, 4

Bologna Declaration

, 2

Bologna Follow-Up Group

, 127, 139

Bologna Process

, 1, 119–120

Anglo-Saxon model

, 29–30

authoritarianism and

, 9

developments since

, 1999, 43–51

formulation of

, 36–41

higher education and

, 2

impact and reach

, 3

implementation of

, 61–66

as liberal-democratic phenomenon

, 3

management of

, 51–59

objectives of

, 2, 35–36

overview

, 10–11

populism and

, 10

quality assurance approaches and

, 9

reasons why countries needed

, 41–43

signatory countries

, 40–41

Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance

, 105

university reform

, 13–14

Western democracy and

, 29

wider context of

, 59–61

See also specific countries and universities

Bologna Process Implementation Report

, 159

Brain

, 14–15

Brighton University

, 157

Browne, L. J.

, 146–147, 148, 150

Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeverbänds (BDA)

, 81

Burnett, Stephen

, 174–175

Cambridge Universiy

, 128

as Gold Standard

, 153

Royal Commissions in

, 1850, 128–129

Cardiff Metropolitan (Cardiff Met)

, 167, 168–169, 175

Cardiff University, Welsh

, 166

Catherine the Great

, 99

Chistokhalov, Viktor

, 103

Cirstocca, I.

, 180

City and Guilds of London Institute for the Advancement of Technical Education

, 129

City Corporation, England

, 129

Civic universities, in UK

, 129

Civil servants

, 1, 3–4

Coal consumption

, 163

Collaborative approaches, to learning

, 30

Colleges of Advanced Technologies (CAT)

, 134–135

Collini, Stefan

, 146, 152

Collins, H.

, 22

Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals (CVCP)

, 131

Communication

, 19, 20

Communist ruled-countries

, 1

European Union and

, 43

signatories from

, 43

Competition

, 21

Computer programmes

, 19

Confederation of German Employers’ Association

, 81

Confucius Institute at TSU

, 121

Conservative government

, 141

Continuing education for adults

, 133

Cooperation

, 21–24

competition and

, 22

evolution of

, 21

game theory

, 21–22

interactional expertise

, 22

negotiating skills

, 22

professional expertise

, 22–23

Sennett on

, 22

Council for National Academic Awards (CNAA)

, 134, 136

Council of Europe

, 32

Critical reasoning

, 27

Crouch, Colin

, 26

Cultural Bias (Douglas)

, 5

Cultural theory

, 4–5

Curriculum

, 27–28

Curtin University, W. Australia

, 120

Cymru, Plaid

, 164

Dahrendorf, R.

, 71

Dakowska, D.

, 180

Dearing Committee

, 144–145

Democracy

, 4, 9, 10, 11, 13, 29, 32, 71, 177, 181

in education

, 29

as a process of discovery

, 29

Democracy in America (De Tocqueville)

, 29

Department for Education and Science (DFES)

, 146

Department of Business, Industry and Skills (BIS)

, 139

De Tocqueville, A.

, 29

Deutsches Akademisches Austausch Dienst (DAAD)

, 81, 89, 96

Development Aid in Russia (Marquand)

, 1

Dewey, J.

, 29–30

Dialectics

, 18–19, 23

Dialogics

, 18–19, 23

Dialogue in education

, 28

Diamond, Ian

, 172

Differentiating exchange

, 22

Diplom Ingenieur

, 70

Direct non-market social benefits

, 31–32

Distance learning

, 133

Dorling, Danny

, 7

Douglas, Mary

, 4–5

Dresden Technical University

, 75

Dyson, James

, 28

East Germany

, 75–76

reunification

, 77–79

Education

democracy in

, 28

dialogue in

, 28

public good to

, 32–33

social benefits from

, 32

Education Act (1944)

, 130

Educational psychologists

, 23–24

Egalitarian forms of organisation

, 5–6

Ellis, Richard

, 4, 5

Emile (Rousseau)

, 29

Engineering model

, 27

England

intellectual life in

, 128

Royal Society

, 128

universities

, 128

European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (ENQA)

, 106

European Commission

, 37

European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS)

, 136, 159

European Credit Transfer System (ECTS)

, 2

European Higher Education Area (EHEA)

, 8, 10, 36, 160

See also Bologna Process; Universities

European Journal of Higher Education

, 180

European Universities Association (EUA)

, 40

European Values Survey

, 6

Excellenz Initiativ

, 93

Experimental method

, 20

First World War

, 163

Framework Act for Higher Education

, 75

France

Joint Declaration and

, 38

Freiburg University

, 83–84, 94, 95, 97

Freie Universität

, 72–73

German Democratic Republic (DDR)

, 75–76

See also East Germany

Germany

, 3, 38

Bologna Process

, 38, 80–82

collaborative capitalism

, 80

DAAD

, 81, 89, 96

East

, 75–76

higher education until

, 1945, 67–72

lifelong learning

, 95–97

overview

, 67

quality assurance

, 90–95

reunification

, 77–79

transition to bachelor’s and master’s degrees

, 82–89

universities. See Universities, in Germany

West

, 72–75

Gesamthochschulen

, 73

Giere, Ronald N.

, 26

Gladkikh, Boris

, 118–119

Gladstone, William Ewart

, 129

Gonzales, Julia

, 107

GoogleWave

, 20

Gornitza, A.

, 8

Göttingen University, Hanover, Germany

, 67, 68

Society of Sciences in

, 68

Grandes Écoles

, 38

Great Depression of the 1930s

, 60

Great Exhibition (1851)

, 129

Grid-group cultural theory

, 4–5

Group

, 5

See also Grid-group cultural theory

Guilds of London

, 129

Halle University in Prussia

, 67

Philosophy Faculty

, 68

Theology Faculty

, 68

Hanoverian university

, 68

Harmsen, R.

, 180

Hazelkorn, Ellen

, 173

Hazelkorn Report

, 173

Her Majesty’s Inspectorate (HMI)

, 136

Higher education

demand for

, 42

demographic trends and

, 42

in Germany until

, 1945, 67–72

social benefits

, 32

state funding of

, 42

Trends I report

, 41

See also Universities

Higher Education Achievement Record (HEAR)

, 141

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE)

, 137

Higher Education Funding Council for Wales (HEFCW)

, 137, 165, 173

Higher Education Quality Council (HEQC)

, 137, 138

Honecker, Erich

, 76

Hood, Christopher

, 4, 5, 7

Hosking, Geoffrey

, 30

Huisman, J.

, 7, 8

Humanities Department, at Brighton University

, 156–157

Humboldt, Wilhelm von

, 14, 69, 71, 93, 94, 100, 128

Humboldt University

, 72, 82–83

Ideas, sharing of

, 26

Identity politics

populism and

, 10

Imperial College of Science and Technology

, 129–130

Implementation of Bologna Process

, 61–66

India

, 28

Industrial cities, universities in

, 128

Information

, 20

Information technologies

, 7–8

Innovations

, 24–28

‘Aha!’ moment

, 25

circumstances producing

, 26–27

critical reasoning

, 27

diffusion of

, 25

physiological basis for

, 26

societies and

, 25

System

, 2, 25

teaching methods and

, 27

Institute of Management and Economics

, 109, 110–111

Institutes for Professional Development

, 110

Intelligent accountability

, 8

Interactional expertise

, 22–23

See also Cooperation

International Business School (OMSU)

, 114

Irkutsk University

, 124

Italy

Joint Declaration and

, 39

Johnson, Steven

, 26

Joint Declaration on Harmonisation of the Architecture of the European Higher Education System

, 37–38

Kahneman, D.

, 15, 17, 19

Kastueva-Jean, Tatiana

, 107–108

Kazan University

, 99

Keele University

, 131

Kehm, B. M.

, 78

King’s College London

, 128

Kritik

, 70

Kultusministerskonferenz (KMK)

, 73

Language

, 19

Law on Education (Russia)

, 102, 104

Layard, Richard

, 6

Learning

, 13–20

collaborative approaches to

, 30

concept of

, 14

cooperation and

, 21–24

dialectic and dialogic in

, 18–19

in economic terms

, 31

innovation and

, 24–28

promotion of

, 14

society and

, 28–33

Leipzig Academy of Painting, Drawing and Architecture

, 85

Leipzig HTWK

, 77–78, 85, 86–87, 91, 93, 94, 95

Leipzig Municipal Trade School

, 85

Leipzig University

, 83, 91, 93

Leuven communique

, 32

Lewis, Huw

, 172

Liberal democracies

, 3

Lisbon Recognition Convention

, 104

Local Education Authority (LEA)

, 132

Locke, J.

, 28

Logical reasoning

, 14

London School of Economics

, 132

Loutfi, Mohamed

, 168

Luhmann, Niklas

, 30

Maassen, P.

, 8

Magna Charta

, 168, 169, 175

Magna Charta Universitatum

, 36, 37

Manchester Metropolitan University

, 154

Manchester University

, 1

Marxism-Leninism

, 75

Master’s degree, in Germany

, 82–89

McCormick Report

, 171

McMahon, Walter W.

, 31–32

Mendras, Marie

, 124

Mill, John Stuart

, 29

Million +  Group

, 139

Mobility, German universities and

, 95–97

Modular courses

, 135–136

Morris, Huw

, 167, 168

Moscow University

, 99

Mueller, Jan-Werner

, 9

Münchhausen, Gerlach Adolf von

, 68

National Accreditation Agency

, 106

National Advisory Board for Public Sector Higher Education (NAB)

, 136

National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education

, 144

National Health Service

, 156, 164

National Qualifications Framework, Russia

, 106–107, 110

National Quality Assurance, Russia

, 122

Negotiating skills

, 22

See also Cooperation

Neolithic Revolution

, 24

Network Governance (NG)

, 8

quality assurance

, 9

New Climate Economy Report

, 3

New Public Management (NPM)

, 4, 7–9

principles

, 8

quality assurance

, 9

use of

, 8–9

A New World Order (Slaughter)

, 3

Nobel prizes

, 43

Northcote-Trevelyan Report

, 129

Northern Ireland

, 127

See also United Kingdom

Not by Bread Alone (Bergan)

, 54

OECD countries

, 32

Office for Fair Access (OFFA)

, 145

Omsk F. M Dostoevsky State University (OMSU)

, 112–116

International Business School

, 114

teachers assessment system

, 115

Omsk Pedagogical University

, 115

Omsk State Agrarian University

, 111

Omsk State Transport University (OSTU)

, 109–116

Institute of Management and Economics

, 109, 110–111

National Qualifications Framework

, 110

sample programme

, 110

specialist courses

, 109–110

O’Neill, Onora

, 8, 31

Open University

, 133

Owens College Manchester

, 128

Oxford Brookes University

, 135, 156

National Health Service and

, 156

Oxford Centre for Staff and Learning Development

, 156

Oxford Universiy

, 128

degree programme

, 153–154

as Gold Standard

, 153

Royal Commissions in

, 1850, 128–129

Paradeise, C.

, 8

Participant observation

, 20

Percy Report (1945)

, 130

Peter the Great

, 99–100

Phaistos

, 25

Pickett, Kate

, 7

Pinker, S.

, 15, 19

Polytechnics

, 135, 136–137

Populism

, 9–10

identity politics and

, 10

technocracy and

, 10

Potemkin, Grigory

, 99

Prague Conference in

, 2001, 127

Printing press

, 25

Prisoner’s Dilemma

, 21

Pritchard, R. M. O.

, 79

Private non-market benefits

, 32

Privy Council, Germany

, 68

Process model

, 28

Professional expertise

, 22

Public goods

, 31

Public management

, 4

fatalist approach to

, 5, 6

hierarchist approach to

, 5–6

individualist approach to

, 6

Putin, Vladimir

, 121–122, 124

Putinisation

, 124

Quality assurance

, 9

Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA)

, 138

Queen’s College Birmingham

, 128

Rational thinking

, 15

Ravinet, Pauline

, 81

Reasoning

, 16

Redundant capacity

, 26

Research Assessment Exercise (RAE)

, 137

Research Excellence Framework (REF)

, 137, 143

Research methods

, 20

Research universities, in Russia

, 108

Reserved matters model

, 164

Reunification of Germany

, 77–79

Revushkin, Alexander S.

, 117–118

Riordan, Colin

, 166, 175

Robbins, L.

, 132

Robbins Report

, 132–134

Rousseau, J.-J.

, 29

Royal College of Science

, 129

Royal Commissions in

, 1850, 128–129

Royal School of Mines

, 129

Royal Society

, 128

Russell Group

, 139, 140, 154, 156, 166

Russia

, 3

being exceptional

, 99

Bologna Process

, 102–104

history and institutions

, 99–109

Law on Education

, 102, 105

Lisbon Recognition Convention

, 105

tertiary education

, 104

universities. See Universities, in Russia

Rüttgers, Jürgen

, 37

Rüttgers, Jürgen

, 81

Sadovnichiy, Viktor

, 103

Salford University

, 151, 154–156

School of Humanities, Languages and Social Science

, 154

Schubert, Charlotte

, 95–96

Scotland

Bologna Follow-Up Group

, 127

devolved powers

, 127

higher education system in

, 127

U.K. revenue to

, 164

universities in

, 128

Sen, Amartya

, 28

Sennett, Richard

, 18, 20, 22, 26

Shakespeare, W.

, 19

Shanghai Jiao Tong Universities index

, 42

Sharing of ideas

, 26

Shattock, Michael

, 131

Shorter Oxford English Dictionary

, 18

Siberian universities. See Universities, in Russia

Simon, Herbert

, 15

Slaughter, Anne-Marie

, 3–4

Snow, C. P.

, 134n19

Social benefits, from education

, 31

Social sciences

, 20

Society, learning and

, 28–33

Socrates

, 28

Sorbonne Declaration

, 2, 37

Soviet Union

break-up of

, 99, 101

See also Russia

Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance

, 105

Stenhouse, L.

, 27

Student Loans Company

, 144

Swansea University

, 166–167

System 1 (thinking)

, 15–17

System 2 (thinking)

, 16–17

Teaching Quality Assessment (TQA)

, 138

Teaching Quality Initiative

, 93–94

Technical education, in UK

, 129–130

grants for

, 130

Technical universities, Germany

, 69–70

Technische Hochschule

, 78

Technological progress

, 25

Tectonic plates, theory of

, 26–27

Teichler, U.

, 74

TEMPUS

, 102, 107, 108, 111

Tertiary education

, 104

Thatcher, Margaret

, 141

Theory of tectonic plates

, 26–27

Thinking

intuition

, 16

reasoning

, 16–17

Thinking, Fast and Slow (Kahneman)

, 15

Thompson, Michael

, 4, 5

Times Higher Education Supplement index (THES)

, 42

Tit for Tat

, 21

Tomsk State Polytechnical University

, 109, 116

Tomsk State University (TSU)

, 116–125

Confucius Institute at

, 121

educational programmes

, 118

environmental management

, 120–121

foreign language

, 123

Institute of Distance Learning

, 123–124

National Qualifications Framework and

, 118

as national research university

, 121

quality assurance

, 122

student and staff surveys

, 123

student exchange programme

, 54

Transport University

, 109

Trans-Siberian Railway

, 109

Trends in Learning Structures in Higher Education (Haug, Kirsten, & Knudsen)

, 40

Trinity College Dublin

, 128

Trivers, R. L.

, 21n20

Trojan horse

, 141

Trust

, 6–7

decision-making process and

, 30

declining/falling

, 30–31

inequality and

, 30–31

institutional conditions for

, 30

modern society and

, 30

Tuition fees

, 137, 142–143

Tuning Process

, 107, 120

Tuning Project

, 64n63

Tuning Russia

, 107

Turkey

, 41

Turnbull, Oliver

, 174

Tversky, Amos

, 15

UK Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition

, 163

UK Further and Higher Education Act

, 170

UK Quality Assurance Agency (QAA)

, 170

Ulbricht, Walter

, 76

Understanding

, 27

United Kingdom

, 2, 3

descent towards barbarism

, 141–157

geographical features

, 127

history prior to Robbins report

, 128–132

Joint Declaration and

, 38

Robbins to the Bologna Declaration

, 132–141

Sorbonne Declaration

, 127

students in

, 129

universities. See Universities, in United Kingdom

See also Wales

United Nations

, 3

Universities

in Germany

, 67–97

autonomy

, 81

Bologna Process

, 80–82

critical attitude to classical sources

, 70

difficulties/challenges

, 71–72

East Germany

, 75–76

foreign students

, 96

mobility between

, 95–97

professors

, 71

science in

, 70

technical

, 69–70

transition to bachelor’s and master’s degrees

, 82–89

West Germany

, 72–75

World Wars and

, 72

reforms

, 13–14

in Russia

, 99–126

accreditation

, 105, 106, 108

attestation

, 105, 106

autonomy

, 108

central information sources

, 108

degrees

, 104, 106

history

, 99–108

international recognition

, 106

licencing

, 105

National Qualifications Framework

, 106–107

Omsk

, 109–116

Putinisation

, 124

reform

, 101

research

, 108

Tomsk

, 116–125

two-tier system

, 107

in United Kingdom

CAT

, 134–135

distance learning

, 133

modular courses

, 135–136

overseas students

, 141–142

polytechnics

, 135

public expenditure

, 141–142

quality assurance system

, 137–138

research funds

, 142–143

Royal Commission on

, 132

state grants/funing for

, 130–131, 136–137

teaching

, 133–134

technological higher education

, 134

Times Higher Education

, 133

UCCA and

, 131

US vs. European

, 42–43

in Wales

, 165–175

See also Bologna Process

Universities Central Council on Admissions (UCCA)

, 131, 132

Universities Funding Council

, 136

Universities UK (UUK)

, 131

University Alliance

, 139, 153, 154

University College London

, 128

University Grants Committee (UGC)

, 130, 131, 136, 137

University of Berlin

, 68–70, 128

University of Bologna

, 36

University of Glasgow

, 140

University of London

, 130

University of Sheffield

, 1

Velvet Revolutions

, 1

Wales

, 3, 127, 163–175

Assembly

, 163, 164

devolved powers

, 127, 163–164, 165

EU Category I region

, 163

Future Generations Act

, 164

higher education policy in

, 165

inhabitants

, 163

Labour Party in

, 164

U.K. revenue to

, 164

universities in

, 128, 165–175

See also United Kingdom

Wales Act

, 2014, 171

Wales Act

, 2017, 164

Watson, James

, 26

Welsh Development Agency

, 163

Werdigier, Julia

, 28

Western democracy

, 29

West Germany

, 72–75

Framework Act for Higher Education

, 75

Gesamthochschulen

, 73

universities

, 72–75

See also Germany

What is Populism? (Mueller)

, 9

Wildavsky, Aaron

, 4, 5

Wilkinson, Richard

, 6–7

Willetts, David

, 142

Winner-takes-all strategy

, 22

Win-win exchange

, 22

Wissenschaft

, 69, 70

Wissenschaftsrat

, 77, 79, 92, 93

Witte, Johanna

, 158–159

Wohlfeil, Harald

, 94

Wolf, Martin

, 152–153

World Values Survey

, 6

Yugay, Klimenty

, 116

Zero-sum exchange

, 22

Zervakis, Peter

, 98