End-Notes

¹Johnnie and Tiggy Walker are patrons of Carers UK. Tiggy’s account of her journey as carer and then being cared for, is movingly described in her book Unplanned Journey, 2015.

² http://www.theguardian.com/guardian-observer-style-guide-c

³ Supporting Carers in Your Workforce: A Manager’s Handbook. Employers for Carers; 2015.

⁴Data collected by Carers UK.

⁵ http://www.age-platform.eu/age-work/age-policy-work/health/age-work/2656-interactive-platform-for-informal-carers-launched

⁶ Summary – Unpaid help: who does what? – SCP.

⁷Caregiving in the United States, National Alliance for Caregiving in collaboration with AARP (2009, November).

⁸Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). (2015). Retrieved from https://www.yooralla.com.au/news-and-media/statistics-and-infographics/support-carers,-family-and-support-workers/carers-in-australia. Accessed in October 2015.

⁹Cranswick, K. (1997). Canada’s caregivers: Canadian social trends. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

¹⁰Sinha, M. (2012). Portrait of caregivers (Catalogue number 89-652-X). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/89-652-x/89-652-x2013001-eng.pdf. Accessed in September 2013.

¹¹2012 General Social Survey (GSS). Canada, 2012.

¹²Creating longer, more fulfilling working lives: employer practice in five European countries, CIPD May 2016.

¹³ https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300

¹⁴Carers UK. (2015). State of Caring Report 2015.

¹⁵Alone and Caring. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.carersuk.org/for-professionals/policy/policy-library/alone-caring. Accessed in April 2017.

¹⁶ http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?nid=923149

¹⁷Goyer A. (2015). Juggling life, work and caregiving.

¹⁸Resnizky, S., Cohen, Y., & Brodsky J. (2016, December). Family caregivers and working life. Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute Center for Research on Aging.

¹⁹Work + Care: Information for Employers. Retrieved from http://www.carers.net.nz/work-care-information-employers

²⁰Hollander, J. M., Liu, G., & Chappell, N. (2009). Who cares and how much. Healthcare Quarterly, 12(2), 42–49.

²¹Canadian Institute for Health Information. (2012). National Health Expenditure Trends, 1975 to 2012, Table A1, $182 billion Total Health Expenditures in 2009.

²² https://caregiver.org/selected-caregiver-statistics

²³ http://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/ppi/2015/valuing-the-invaluable-2015-update-undeniable-progress.pdf

²⁴Reinhard, S. C., Feinberg, L. F., Choula, R., & Houser, A. Insight on the issues valuing the invaluable: 2015 update. AARP Public Policy Institute.

²⁵Deloitte Access Economics 2015.

²⁶ http://www.carers.net.nz/blog/economic-value-and-impacts-family-caregiving-new-zealand-0

²⁷Buckner, L. (2015). Valuing Carers 2015. University of Leeds & Sue Yeandle, University of Sheffield.

²⁸Her Majesty’s Treasury Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses 2015.

²⁹Forbes, www.forbes.com/companies/hsbc-holdings; www.forbes.com/companies/visa quoted in Valuing Carers 2015: The rising value of carers’ support.

³⁰Buckner, L. (2015). Valuing Carers 2015. University of Leeds & Sue Yeandle, University of Sheffield.

³¹ Speaking to 6th International Caring Conference, Gothenburg, Sweden, September 2015.

³² Stages of the Caring Journey – Emily Holzhausen – September 2016, Carers UK internal working paper.

³³Based on meeting 25 November 2016 and subsequent e-mail exchange.

³⁴Carers UK. (2015). State of Caring 2015, Carers UK.

³⁵ http://www.caringacross.org/stories/why-working-caregivers-need-paid-leave/

³⁶ http://www.caringacross.org/stories/caregiving-while-working-full-time/

³⁷ https://www.amazon.com/Alzheimers-Through-My-Mothers-Eyes-ebook/dp/B00H5QAY3A

³⁸Based on: Inspiration – Carers Canada. Work & Care A Balancing Act p. 17 (2015); author’s interview 18 July 2016; and subsequent email exchange 2016-2017

³⁹Carers UK Caring magazine 2016; interview with author 16 January 2017 and e-mail exchange

⁴⁰Text provided by Vivien Kwok and subsequent emails 2016-2017.

⁴¹ http://www.recruitment-international.co.uk/news/employers-need-to-do-more-to-help-carers-27033.htm

⁴²Quoted in The Financial Times The Big Read: US board composition: male, stale and frail? By Stephen Foley and Jennifer Bissell and David Oakley Published 16 August 2016.

⁴³ https://www.sa.gov.au/topics/community-support/carers/carers-and-employment/for-employers-of-carers

⁴⁴Yeandle S., Caring for our carers: An international perspective on policy developments in the UK, IPPR blog August 2016 http://www.ippr.org/juncture/caring-for-our-carers

⁴⁵ Ibid.

⁴⁶Metlife Mature Market Institute, National Alliance for Caregiving. (2006). The MetLife caregiving cost study: productivity losses to U.S. Business. Retrieved from http://www.caregiving.org/data/Caregiver%20Cost%20Study.pdf

⁴⁷Duxbury, L., Higgins, C., & Schroeder, B. (2009). Balancing paid work and caregiving responsibilities: A closer look at family caregivers in Canada. A report submitted to Human Resources and Skills Development Canada. Retrieved from http://www.cprn.org/documents/51061_EN.pdf. Accessed on April 2017.

⁴⁸Sherman, K.C., & Reed, K. (2008). Eldercare and job productivity: An accommodation analysis. Journal of Leadership Studies, 1(4), 23–36.

⁴⁹Quoted in Government of Canada. (2015 January 21). When work and caregiving collide: How employers can support their employees who are caregivers. Report from the Employer Panel for Caregivers. Retrieved from http://www.ehospice.com/canadaenglish/Default/tabid/10678/ArticleId/13740. Accessed on April 2017.

⁵⁰Lilly, M.B., Laporte, A., & Coyte, P. (2007). Labor market work and home care’s unpaid caregivers: A systematic review of labor force participation rates, predictors of labor market withdrawal, and hours of work. The Milbank Quarterly, 85, 641–690.

⁵¹Lilly, M. (2010). Curtailing the cost of caring for employers and employees: What every CEO should know, Von Canada.

⁵²Hegewisch, A. (2009). Flexible working policies: A comparative review. Research Report 16. Equality and Human Rights Commission. Manchester: Equality and Human Rights Commission.

⁵³Quoted in Slaughter, A.-M. (2015). Unfinished Business. p. 229.

⁵⁴ http://www.100yearlife.com/

⁵⁵Business in the Community. (2015). The Missing Million.

⁵⁶Kumar, V., & Pansari, A. (2015). Measuring the benefits of employee engagement. MIT Sloan Management Review, 56(4), 67–72.

⁵⁷Shuck, B., & Reio, T. G. (2014). Employee engagement and well-being: A moderation model and implications for practice. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 21(1), 43–58.

⁵⁸Kruse, K. (2015). The ROI of employee engagement. Health Care Registration: The Newsletter For Health Care Registration Professionals, 24(6), 3–5.

⁵⁹Lightle, S. S., Castellano, J., Baker, B., & Sweeney, R. J. (2015). The role of corporate boards in employee engagement. IUP Journal of Corporate Governance, 14(4), 7–13.

⁶⁰Lifeng, Z., Wayne, S. J., & Liden, R. C. (2016). Job engagement, perceived organizational support, high-performance human resource practices, and cultural value orientations: A cross-level investigation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37(6), 823–844.

⁶¹Sivarethinamohan, R., & Aranganathan, P. (2011). Determinants of employee engagement and retention practices in indian corporate-principal component analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Research in Business Management, 2(12), 1–17.

⁶²Downey, S. N., Werff, L., Thomas, K. M., & Plaut, V. C. (2015). The role of diversity practices and inclusion in promoting trust and employee engagement. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 45(1), 35–44. doi:10.1111/jasp.12273

⁶³Benito-Osorio, D., Muñoz-Aguado, L., & Villar, C. (2014). The Impact of Family and Work-Life Balance Policies on the Performance of Spanish Listed Companies. M@N@GEMENT, 17(4), 214–236.

⁶⁴Gastfriend, J. (2014). No one should have to choose between caregiving and work, Harvard Business Review Blog. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2014/07/no-one-should-have-to-choose-between-caregiving-and-work/. Accessed on July 23, 2014.

⁶⁵Downey, S. N., Werff, L., Thomas, K. M., & Plaut, V. C. (2015). The role of diversity practices and inclusion in promoting trust and employee engagement. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 45(1), 35–44. doi:10.1111/jasp.12273

⁶⁶Vogel, N. (2006). Meeting special needs: A benefit that adds value for both employees and employers. Compensation and Benefits Review, 38(2), 57–61. doi:10.1177/0886368706287370

⁶⁷Shankar, T., & Bhatnagar, J. (2010). Work Life Balance, Employee Engagement, Emotional Consonance/Dissonance & Turnover Intention. Indian Journal Of Industrial Relations, 46(1), 74–87.

⁶⁸Ali Omran, S. K. (2016). Work-family balance dilemma among employed parents (An empirical study). International Journal of Business and Economic Development, 4(1), 31–46.

⁶⁹Rothmann, S., & Baumann, C. (2014). Employee engagement: The effects of work-home/home-work interaction and psychological conditions. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 17(4), 515–530.

⁷⁰Boyar, S. L., Wagner, T. A., Petzinger, A., & McKinley, R. B. (2016). The impact of family roles on employee’s attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Management Development, 35(5), 623–635. doi:10.1108/JMD-07-2015-0096

⁷¹Shankar, T., & Bhatnagar, J. (2010). Work life balance, employee engagement, emotional consonance/dissonance and turnover intention. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 46(1), 74–87.

⁷²Christ, G. (2016). Kicking wellness out of the workplace. EHS Today, 9(4), 15–17.

⁷³ http://www.cipd.co.uk/pressoffice/press-releases/cipd-absence-management-061014.aspx

⁷⁴ Author interview.

⁷⁵Author interview with Sharon Graff and subsequent e-mail exchanges.

⁷⁶Blueprint for Better Business. Retrieved from http://www.blueprintforbusiness.org/

⁷⁷Employer Resource Guide Four Steps For Supporting Employees With Caregiving Responsibilities – ReACT.

⁷⁸Best practice in supporting carers, Carer Positive Scotland, 2016.

⁷⁹Quoted in Presentation to Sixth International Caring conference, Gothenburg, Sweden, September 2015.

⁸⁰Snelling, S. (2014, March 26). Caregiving is a corporate issue: Next avenue. Retrieved from http://www.nextavenue.org/caregiving-corporate-issue/

⁸¹Carers NSW 2014 Carer Survey.

⁸²Presentation to Sixth International Caring Conference, Gothenburg, Sweden, 3–6 September 2015.

⁸³MetLife Mature Market Institute, & National Alliance for Caregiving. (2003). The MetLife Study of Sons at Work. Retrieved from www.caregiving.org

⁸⁴Source: Euro-carers. European association working for carers, We care – Do you? Balancing work and care – An employer’s guide (p. 8).

⁸⁵ReACT Employer resources: http://www.aarp.org/react/info-09-2013/react-johnshopkins-case-study.html

⁸⁶Speech at 6th International Carers Conference, Gothenburg, 4 September 2015 as recorded by author.

⁸⁷Anne-Marie Slaughter. Unfinished Business. p. 207.

⁸⁸ReACT Employer resources. Retrieved from http://www.aarp.org/react/info-09-2013/react-johnsonjohnson-case-study.html

⁸⁹Speech at 6th International Carers Conference, Gothenburg, 4 September 4 2015 as recorded by author.

⁹⁰ Based on interview on 7 October 2015, further meeting on 19 October 2016 and e-mail exchanges 2016–2017.

⁹¹Sourced from Melville-Ross, J., Two for Joy 2016; various newspaper articles at the time of book publication; Melville-Ross article for International Business Times; and author interview on 20 January 2017.

⁹²Interview with Tim Fallowfield, 24 August 2016.

⁹³Based on published sources and see the TED talk with Steve Shirley filmed March 2015 (http://www.steveshirley.com/about/)

⁹⁴Collins & Porras, Built to Last, 1994.

⁹⁵ http://www.bitcni.org.uk/news/business-in-the-community-launches-employee-passport/

⁹⁶Work & Care: The Necessary Investment: Combining Work and Care, The business case for carer-friendly workplaces -Report No. 2 Work & Care Initiative, Carers Australia, 2014.

⁹⁷Quoted in Brufal, T. (December 2016). If you were a carer, what support would your organisation offer you? Forward Institute.

⁹⁸Kumar, V., & Pansari, A. (2015). Measuring the benefits of employee engagement. MIT Sloan Management Review, 56(4), 67–72. http://www.topemployersforworkingfamilies.org.uk/index.php/special-awards/case/west-dunbartonshire-council

⁹⁹ http://www.mitsubishicorp.com/jp/en/about/resource/diversity.html

¹⁰⁰ http://www.mitsubishicorp.com/jp/en/about/resource/diversity.html

¹⁰¹Interview with Neville Hounsome Group, HR Director and Sarah Bissell Head of Reward, Hyde Housing, 21 March 2016.

¹⁰²Bowness, S. (2015, August 18). The future of work: Why employers are caring for the caregivers, The Globe and Mail, August 18, 2015.

¹⁰³See more at: http://www.shrm.org/hrdisciplines/benefits/articles/pages/2012nse.aspx#sthash.PhjTmJRg.dpuf

¹⁰⁴Schurman, B. (2016). OECD Business Brief: Who cares for the caregivers. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/forum/oecdyearbook/who-cares-for-the-carevigers.htm

¹⁰⁵Based on author interview and e-mail exchanges with Westpac 2016–2017.

¹⁰⁶Derived from published sources and from their website: http://otsuka.csrportal.jp/en

¹⁰⁷ http://eurocarers.org/InformCare

¹⁰⁸ http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/healthy-living/home/family/adult-elder-care/

¹⁰⁹ http://hr.harvard.edu/caring-elders-and-other-adults

¹¹⁰ http://www.workingmums.co.uk/top-employers/unilever/

¹¹¹Snelling, S. (2015, April 14). A New Era: Companies Supporting Caregivers, Forbes, Next Avenue. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/nextavenue/2015/04/14/a-new-era-companies-supporting-caregivers/#10a9c1c20de4. Accessed on April 14, 2015.

¹¹² http://www.taisei.co.jp/english/index.html

¹¹³Quoted in http://www.aarp.org/react/react-employer-best-practices/

¹¹⁴Author interview with Frank Nigriello 19 July 2016 and subsequent e-mail exchange 2016–2017.

¹¹⁵Quoted in Brufal T, ‘If you were a carer, what support would your organisation offer you?’ Forward Institute, December 2016.

¹¹⁶Author interviews with Susan Scott-Parker on 4 February 2016 and 18 January 2017 and e-mail exchanges 2016–2017.

¹¹⁷Age UK, & Carers UK. (July 2016). Walking the tightrope: The challenges of combining work and care in later life.

¹¹⁸Presentation, Carer Positive, Glasgow, February 2016.

¹¹⁹Author interview.

¹²⁰Nash N. (2009). Disabled employee networks: A practical guide. Kate Nash Associates.

¹²¹Interview with Keith Edwards April 2015 and subsequent e-mail exchanges.

¹²²Presentation to Employers for Carers Networking event October 2016 and e-mail exchanges 2016.

¹²³ Disabled Employee Networks: A practical guide., Kate Nash Associates. 2015.

¹²⁴Quoted in Brufal, T., (December 2016). ‘If you were a carer, what support would your organisation offer you?’ Forward Institute.

¹²⁵Author e-mail exchange August 2015.

¹²⁶ http://www.carerpositive.org/

¹²⁷Author interview on 31 July 2015 and follow-up e-mail exchange January 2017.

¹²⁸Carers UK case-study.

¹²⁹ http://www.responsible100.com/

¹³⁰See more at: http://www.aarpinternational.org/resource-library/resources/grosser-cleaning-and-care-services-2014-aarp-best-employer-international-award-recipient#sthash.O6mxdPn2.dpuf

¹³¹Author interview January 2017.

¹³²Gratton, L., & Scott, A. (2016). The 100 year life. Bloomsbury Information.

¹³³EU Commission Communication on CSR (October 2011). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sustainable-business/files/csr/new-csr/act_en.pdf. Accessed on April 2017.

¹³⁴Ainsbury, R., & Grayson, D. (2014). Business critical: Understanding a company’s current and desired stages of corporate responsibility maturity, Doughty Centre for Corporate Responsibility Occasional Paper.

¹³⁵The Evolution of the Desk (1980–2014). An initiative borne out of the Harvard Innovation Laboratory. The goal is to illustrate the impact that technology has had on our lives over the last 35 years. A cluttered desk, complete with a rolodex, a file cabinet, and a fax machine, transforms into a much cleaner, simpler surface consisting of only a laptop and a mobile phone. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6PzTUDfxc0. Accessed on April 2017.

¹³⁶ http://www.zmescience.com/research/technology/smartphone-power-compared-to-apollo-432/

¹³⁷Schwab, K. (2016 January 14). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: what it means, how to respond, WEF. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/. Accessed on April 2017.

¹³⁸Unwin, J. (2016 November 24). Where next for civil society? Julia Unwin’s inaugural lecture for the Wales Council for Voluntary Action (WCVA) given at their AGM. Retrieved from https://www.jrf.org.uk/where-next-civil-society. Accessed on April 2017.

¹³⁹ https://www.2degreesnetwork.com/services/collaboration-programs/

¹⁴⁰Adler, R., Mehta, R., The National Alliance for Caregiving. (2014). Catalyzing technology to support family caregiving. Retrieved from http://www.caregiving.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/Catalyzing-Technology-to-Support-Family-Caregiving_FINAL.pdf. Accessed April 2017.

¹⁴¹Quoted in the “A Brave New World?” Accenture/BitC, November 2016.

¹⁴²Claire, Z. (2016 March 22). This Non-profit Wants To Put Stay-At-Home Moms Back to Work, Fortune. Retrieved from http://fortune.com/2016/03/22/path-forward-returnship/ and Claire, Z. (2016 August 23). These six Tech Companies Are Recruiting Moms Who Left the Workplace. Fortune. Retrieved from http://fortune.com/2016/08/23/tech-jobs-mom-women-return-workplace/?xid=soc_socialflow_facebook_FORTUNE. Accessed on April 2017.

¹⁴³Carers UK, & Employers for Carers. (2015). Caring and isolation in the Workplace: Impact report and recommendations. Retrieved from https://www.carersuk.org/for-professionals/policy/policy-library/caring-and-isolation-in-the-workplace. Accessed on April 2017.

¹⁴⁴Triantafillou, J., et al. (2010). Informal care in the long-term care system: European Overview Paper, Athens/Vienna: Interlinks.

¹⁴⁵Collinson, P. (2016). Self-employed set up co-operatives to share costs and services. The Guardian. 16 April. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/money/2016/apr/16/self-employed-co-operatives-share-costs-srvices

¹⁴⁶ http://womensenews.org/2016/07/clinton-offers-quiet-policy-lure-to-millions-of-unpaid-caregivers/

¹⁴⁷When WORK and CAREGIVING Collide: How Employers Can Support Their Employees Who Are Caregivers.

¹⁴⁸Supporting Working Carers: The Benefits to Families, Business and the Economy 2013.

¹⁴⁹Supporting Working Carers: The Benefits to Families, Business and the Economy 2013.

¹⁵⁰Eurofound 2011 and author email exchange with Mezzo, July 2016.

¹⁵¹ https://www.employersforcarers.org/about-us/efc-umbrella-membership

¹⁵²Tearle, S. (2016 May 11). West Sussex County Council speaking at State of Caring Conference, London.

¹⁵³Grayson, D., Nelson, J. Corporate Responsibility Coalitions: The Past, Present and Future of Alliances for Sustainable Capitalism Sheffield: Greenleaf Publishing; 2013.

¹⁵⁴ http://www.carersaustralia.com.au/international-conference/

¹⁵⁵ http://www.corporateknights.com/reports/global-100/

¹⁵⁶ReACT represents nearly 1 million employees through its membership of more than 40 companies and non-profit organizations. ReACT seeks to create a supportive business environment where the challenges faced by caregivers juggling the demands of both work and caregiving for an adult with a chronic age-related disease are understood and recognised by employers so that employees can better meet their personal and professional responsibilities. Retrieved from www.respectcaregivers.org

¹⁵⁷ http://societyoflaterlifeadvisers.co.uk/ and conversation with SOLLA co-founder Brian Fisher, Aviva, Bristol, November 25 2016.

¹⁵⁸‘Collaborative Commitments’ - A think-piece by Professor David Grayson, Doughty Centre for Corporate Responsibility, Cranfield School of Management, Prime Minister’s Council on Social Action (2008).

¹⁵⁹ http://www.ndis.gov.au/

¹⁶⁰The Economist, Pride & Prejudice, The global elite at the World Economic Forum will be getting in touch with its LGBT side, at last, January 2017.

¹⁶¹E-mail exchange with author January 2017.

¹⁶²Martin, R., & Osberg, S. Getting beyond better: How social entrepreneurship works. New York, NY: Harvard Business Review Press; 2015.

¹⁶³See for example Cannon, F. (2017). The Agility Mindset: How reframing flexible working delivers competitive advantage. Palgrave Macmillan 2017 and The Agile Future Forum. Retrieved from http://www.agilefutureforum.co.uk/. Accessed on April 15 2017.