Appendix A

Glossary of Definitions

• Urban Open spaces (Martincigh, 2000): “Urban Open Spaces” are not only “Parks and Playing fields” but also, and above all, squares and streets; they are not only designated officially, but defined also unofficially; the green space in public use is a specific category: public parks and gardens.

• Historically, Open Spaces to public and non-productive uses have included gardens, temple compounds, ceremonial grounds, outdoor markets, and social places, gymnasia for exercise and recreation, burial grounds, hunting, and wildlife reserves. All this land has now been classified as “Public Open Spaces” (Turner, 1998).

• Open Space is an outdoor in the metropolitan region which is open to the freely chosen and spontaneous activity, movement or visual exploration of a significant number of city people.

• Green space – Green spaces are “places” within and around the city – these “places” carry human activity as well as plants, wildlife and water, and their presence influences quality of life, as well as the quality of air and water (Beer, 2000).

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    Green spaces provide settings for a wide range of human activity and, therefore, influence people’s perception of their quality of life.

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    In addition, Green spaces have a profound influence on how local people and visitors experience a city.

• Green space or infrastructure is held to be “publicly accessible land which is environmentally pleasant from a human point of view, including parks, footpaths, urban squares. and pedestrian streets” (Turner, 1991). The term “green space or green infrastructure” is thus a generic expression, which is also identified as covering “countryside, formal parks, green chains, green corridors and wildlife parks” (Countryside Commission, 1991). Definition of “natural green space” is clearly distinct from the more widely interpreted term of “green space or infrastructure.”

• Natural green space is “an area naturally colonised by plants and animals which is accessible on foot to a large number of residents” (Harrison, Burgess, Millward, & Dame, 1995). Such natural space can be either “planned,” in that natural open areas or preserved within residential development projects (Austin & Kaplan, 2003; Kaplan, Austin, & Kaplan, 2004), or “unplanned,” which is otherwise referred to as “encapsulated countryside” (Nicol & Blake, 2000).

Social Bonding – In the study it describes the social significance of the Place, which instills a sense of attachment to the “Place” within the individuals who are associated with that “Place.” This bonding does not describe connection between two people.