Challenging behaviour: the causes (part II)

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the dominant approaches used to explain causes of challenging behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is the second in a two‐part series. It presents the causes of challenging behaviour according to the three theoretical approaches that have dominated the literature: applied behaviour analysis; biological factors; and psychiatric disorders.

Findings

It is apparent that the causes of challenging behaviour are likely to be complex and involve multiple factors. The approaches that have dominated the literature focus on single causes and do not explore possible interactions between various causes. Given the shortcomings of existing approaches, a fourth approach, the biopsychosocial model, is proposed as an alternative model to explain the causes of challenging behaviour.

Originality/value

This paper is the most recent of only a few providing an overview of the various approaches that seek to explain the causes of challenging behaviour.

Citation

Koritsas, S. and Iacono, T. (2012), "Challenging behaviour: the causes (part II)", Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, Vol. 6 No. 5, pp. 236-248. https://doi.org/10.1108/20441281211261122