Optimising the number of layers in firefighters' hoods

Abstract

To optimise protection from fire afforded to the head, an investigation into layering of firefighters' hoods was undertaken. Hoods made from 1 to 4 layers of Kermel/FR Viscose (50 per cent blend) were flame challenged for up to 10 seconds (53 kW m⁻² to 85 kW m⁻²) on a manikin head. Protection was increased with more layers. After four seconds of flame it was predicted that 74 per cent of the head suffered 2° or 3° burns with a 1‐ply hood. This fell to 59 per cent and 45 per cent respectively, when a breathing apparatus mask and helmet were also worn. For a 4‐ply hood corresponding predicted burns fell to 13 per cent, 8 per cent and & 8 per cent. Between 50 per cent to 67 per cent of these reductions occurred using a 2‐ply hood, and 80 per cent with 3‐ply. In conclusion, the most appropriate benefit was gained by adopting a 2‐ply hood. Three or more layers interfered with helmet fitting and communications, and offered little increased benefit.

Citation

House, J.R., Squire, J.D. and Staples, R. (2002), "Optimising the number of layers in firefighters' hoods", International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, Vol. 14 No. 2, pp. 111-118. https://doi.org/10.1108/09556220210697466